Prof. Dr. Bar\u0131\u015f Saliho\u011flu, k\u00fcresel \u0131s\u0131nma etkilerinin belirgin bi\u00e7imde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc okyanuslar\u0131n ve denizlerin iklim politikalar\u0131nda daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yer bulmas\u0131n\u0131n kritik \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kaydetti.<\/p>\n
AA’n\u0131n “COP31’de \u00d6ncelikli Alanlar” dosyas\u0131n\u0131n bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, COP31 Eylem G\u00fcndemi’nin 10 \u00f6ncelikli temas\u0131ndan biri olan “okyanuslar ve denizler” ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda d\u00fcnyadaki ve T\u00fcrkiye’deki durum ele al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n
Orta Do\u011fu Teknik \u00dcniversitesi (ODT\u00dc) \u0130klim Merkezi ve Deniz Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Prof. Dr. Saliho\u011flu, AA muhabirine, okyanuslar\u0131n iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin en b\u00fcy\u00fck tampon sistemi oldu\u011funu ancak bu kapasitenin h\u0131zla zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
2015-2025 d\u00f6neminin kay\u0131tlardaki en s\u0131cak 11 y\u0131l\u0131 i\u00e7erdi\u011fini belirten Saliho\u011flu, “Okyanuslar son 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r her y\u0131l insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 kat\u0131 kadar \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 emiyor. \u0130klim sistemindeki fazla enerji b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde denizlerde birikiyor.” dedi.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte deniz y\u00fczey s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n rekor seviyelere ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan Saliho\u011flu, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n
“Okyanuslar\u0131n y\u00fczde 80’inde s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz, bu art\u0131k ge\u00e7ici bir anomali de\u011fil, kal\u0131c\u0131 bir \u0131s\u0131nma e\u011filimi, k\u00fcresel ortalamada 0,6 ila 1,5 derece aras\u0131nda de\u011fi\u015fen s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015flar\u0131 b\u00f6lgesel olarak \u00e7ok daha y\u00fcksek de\u011ferlere ula\u015ft\u0131. B\u00f6lgesel denizlerde art\u0131\u015flar daha belirgin. Akdeniz’de 1,1 ila 1,4 derece, Mersin ve \u0130skenderun k\u00f6rfezlerinde 2 ila 2,5 derece, Marmara’da yakla\u015f\u0131k 2 derece, Karadeniz\u2019in do\u011fusunda 2 ila 2,5 derece art\u0131\u015f var. Ege’de ise art\u0131\u015f so\u011fuk su ak\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 nedeniyle 1 derecelerde.”<\/p>\n
Okyanuslar\u0131n yaln\u0131zca \u0131s\u0131nmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na, ayn\u0131 zamanda asitlendi\u011fine ve oksijeninin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131na de\u011finen Saliho\u011flu, Sanayi Devrimi’nden bu yana y\u00fczey okyanus pH de\u011ferinin 0,1 birim d\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, bunun yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 30’luk asitlik art\u0131\u015f\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k geldi\u011finin alt\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7izdi.<\/p>\n
Saliho\u011flu, 1993’ten bu yana k\u00fcresel deniz seviyesinin yakla\u015f\u0131k 10 santimetre y\u00fckseldi\u011fini ve y\u00fckselme h\u0131z\u0131n\u0131n giderek artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 aktararak, “Son 10 y\u0131lda deniz seviyesindeki y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00fckselme h\u0131z\u0131 y\u0131lda 5 milimetreye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131 ve artmaya devam ediyor. Denizlerde s\u0131cak hava dalgalar\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015f\u0131yor, kutuplar hari\u00e7 okyanuslar\u0131n y\u00fczde 90’\u0131nda y\u0131lda en az bir s\u0131cak deniz dalgas\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Y\u00fczde 55’inde ise bu, \u015fiddetli kategoride ya\u015fan\u0131yor. Bu durum mercan beyazlamas\u0131, bal\u0131k \u00f6l\u00fcmleri ve ekosistem \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fleriyle sonu\u00e7lan\u0131yor. Akdeniz ise k\u00fcresel ortalamadan daha h\u0131zl\u0131 \u0131s\u0131n\u0131yor. Akdeniz havzas\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 98’inde s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Yani bu, b\u00f6lgesel de\u011fil, topyekun bir \u0131s\u0131nma.” \u015feklinde konu\u015ftu.<\/p>\n
\u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin k\u0131y\u0131 ekonomilerine etkisinden de bahseden Saliho\u011flu, turizm, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, biyoteknoloji, enerji ve ta\u015f\u0131mac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011frudan risk alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu uyar\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
Deniz s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n bal\u0131klar\u0131n da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6\u00e7 yollar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00fcreme d\u00f6nemlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirdi\u011fini anlatan Saliho\u011flu, bu nedenle bal\u0131k stoklar\u0131n\u0131n gelece\u011fine ili\u015fkin tahminlerin giderek zorla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131kta \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclebilirli\u011fin azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getirdi.<\/p>\n
Biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131n\u0131n da artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Saliho\u011flu, habitat kay\u0131plar\u0131, istilac\u0131 t\u00fcrlerin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ve hassas ekosistemlerin zarar g\u00f6rmesinin yaln\u0131zca deniz canl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, turizmden k\u0131y\u0131 korumaya kadar pek \u00e7ok ekonomik faaliyeti etkiledi\u011fini vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Deniz seviyesindeki y\u00fckselmenin tek ba\u015f\u0131na de\u011fil, f\u0131rt\u0131na kabarmalar\u0131, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ya\u011f\u0131\u015flar, dere ta\u015fk\u0131nlar\u0131 ve k\u0131y\u0131 erozyonuyla birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmesi gerekti\u011fini ifade eden Saliho\u011flu, deniz seviyesindeki birka\u00e7 santimetrelik art\u0131\u015f\u0131n bu olaylarla birle\u015fti\u011finde etkisinin katlanarak b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Tuzlanman\u0131n tar\u0131m alanlar\u0131n\u0131 tehdit etti\u011fine de\u011finen Saliho\u011flu, s\u00f6zlerini \u015f\u00f6yle s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc:<\/p>\n
“Deniz seviyesindeki y\u00fckselme k\u0131y\u0131 ovalar\u0131nda tuzlu su giri\u015fini art\u0131r\u0131yor ve tar\u0131msal \u00fcretim \u00fczerinde do\u011frudan bask\u0131 olu\u015fturuyor. Deniz seviyesinin y\u00fckselmesiyle birlikte toprak ve yer alt\u0131 sular\u0131ndaki tuzluluk art\u0131yor. Bu da \u00f6zellikle k\u0131y\u0131 ovalar\u0131nda tar\u0131msal verimin d\u00fc\u015fmesine yol a\u00e7\u0131yor. \u0130klim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkileri yaln\u0131zca denizde de\u011fil, k\u0131y\u0131lardaki \u00fcretim sistemlerinde ve yerel ekonomilerde de hissediliyor.”<\/p>\n
Saliho\u011flu, \u0130stanbul, \u0130zmir, Antalya, Mersin ve Samsun gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131y\u0131 kentlerinde deltalar, a\u00e7\u0131k k\u0131y\u0131 alanlar\u0131, limanlar, ar\u0131tma tesisleri, ula\u015f\u0131m a\u011flar\u0131 ve turizm altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n giderek artan risklerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya bulundu\u011funu, mevcut planlamalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funun bug\u00fcnk\u00fc k\u0131y\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131na g\u00f6re yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ancak gelecekteki iklim senaryolar\u0131n\u0131 dikkate alan bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n gerekli oldu\u011fu de\u011ferlendirmesini yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n
“Deniz \u00e7ay\u0131rlar\u0131, k\u0131y\u0131 sulak alanlar\u0131 ve tuzcul batakl\u0131klar\u0131” mavi karbon ekosistemleri olarak nitelendiren Saliho\u011flu, bu alanlar\u0131n karbon depolaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra k\u0131y\u0131 koruma ve biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik oldu\u011funu ifade etti.<\/p>\n
S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir mavi ekonominin yaln\u0131zca ekonomik b\u00fcy\u00fcmeyi de\u011fil, ekosistemlerin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 ve iyile\u015ftirilmesini de hedeflemesi gerekti\u011fini vurgulayan Saliho\u011flu, bu kapsamda T\u00fcrkiye’de y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00f6nemli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalardan birinin \u00c7evre, \u015eehircilik ve \u0130klim De\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi Bakanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 koordinasyonunda hayata ge\u00e7irilen S\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir Mavi Ekonomi Stratejik Eylem Plan\u0131 i\u00e7in Y\u00f6neti\u015fim Modellerinin Geli\u015ftirilmesi Projesi oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n
Projenin bilimsel koordinasyonunun ODT\u00dc taraf\u0131ndan y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc aktaran Saliho\u011flu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye’nin deniz ve k\u0131y\u0131 alanlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir kalk\u0131nma hedeflerine katk\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rmay\u0131 ama\u00e7lad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, deniz kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ile ekonomik kalk\u0131nma hedeflerinin b\u00fct\u00fcnc\u00fcl bir yakla\u015f\u0131mla ele al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
Mersin ve \u0130skenderun k\u00f6rfezlerinin pilot uygulama alan\u0131 olarak belirlendi\u011fini kaydeden Saliho\u011flu, proje kapsam\u0131nda denizcilik, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131k, turizm, enerji, biyoteknoloji ve biyo\u00e7e\u015fitlilik sekt\u00f6rlerine y\u00f6nelik kapsaml\u0131 analizler yap\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, dijital ikizler ve karar destek sistemleri geli\u015ftirilece\u011fini aktard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Saliho\u011flu, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma sonunda T\u00fcrkiye’nin s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilir mavi ekonomi stratejik eylem plan\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlanaca\u011f\u0131 bilgisini verdi.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye’nin ev sahipli\u011fi yapaca\u011f\u0131 COP31 \u00f6ncesinde d\u00f6rt temel ba\u015fl\u0131\u011fa dikkati \u00e7eken Saliho\u011flu, konu\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \u015f\u00f6yle tamamlad\u0131:<\/p>\n
“\u0130klim politikalar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k kara merkezli yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7mesi gerekiyor. Ulusal iklim taahh\u00fctlerinde okyanus ve k\u0131y\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlerinin sistematik bi\u00e7imde yer almas\u0131 kritik. \u0130kinci ba\u015fl\u0131k olarak mavi karbon ekosistemlerine y\u00f6nelik finansman mekanizmalar g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmeli. Bu alanlar\u0131n korunmas\u0131 ve restorasyonu i\u00e7in uluslararas\u0131 finansman ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekiyor. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc olarak deniz g\u00f6zlem sistemleri ve erken uyar\u0131 altyap\u0131s\u0131 geli\u015ftirilmeli. D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ba\u015fl\u0131kta ise b\u00f6lgesel deniz i\u015fbirlikleri \u00f6nemli. Okyanuslar\u0131n k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte ele al\u0131nmas\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131n Akdeniz ve Karadeniz gibi yar\u0131 kapal\u0131 denizler kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc k\u0131r\u0131lganl\u0131klar ta\u015f\u0131yor. Bu nedenle b\u00f6lgesel i\u015fbirli\u011fi mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilmesi zorunlu.”<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
ODT\u00dc \u0130klim Merkezi ve Deniz Bilimleri Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc M\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Prof. Dr. Bar\u0131\u015f Saliho\u011flu, okyanuslar\u0131n iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin en b\u00fcy\u00fck tampon sistemi oldu\u011funu ancak bu kapasitenin h\u0131zla zorland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. Son 20 y\u0131lda okyanuslar\u0131n her y\u0131l insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n y\u0131ll\u0131k enerji kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 18 kat\u0131 kadar \u0131s\u0131 emdi\u011fini belirten Saliho\u011flu, Akdeniz, Marmara, Karadeniz ile Mersin ve \u0130skenderun k\u00f6rfezlerinde s\u0131cakl\u0131k art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel ortalaman\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekti. Deniz seviyesindeki y\u00fckselme, asitlenme, oksijen kayb\u0131 ve s\u0131cak deniz dalgalar\u0131 ise ekosistemlerden turizme, bal\u0131k\u00e7\u0131l\u0131ktan tar\u0131ma kadar geni\u015f bir alanda risk olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":51914,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[13],"tags":[1456,2338,16064],"class_list":["post-51912","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-analiz","tag-cop31","tag-iklimkrizi","tag-okyanuslar"],"yoast_head":"\n