Her y\u0131l 17 Haziran’da kutlanan D\u00fcnya \u00c7\u00f6lle\u015fme ve Kurakl\u0131kla M\u00fccadele G\u00fcn\u00fc, arazi bozulumunun, kurakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n ve \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fmenin d\u00fcnya genelindeki etkilerine dikkati \u00e7ekmeyi ama\u00e7l\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Birle\u015fmi\u015f Milletler (BM) verilerine g\u00f6re, \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fme, kurakl\u0131k ve arazi bozunumu yaln\u0131zca \u00e7evresel de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda ekonomik ve g\u00fcvenlik boyutlar\u0131 olan k\u00fcresel bir kriz haline geliyor.<\/p>\n
BM \u00c7\u00f6lle\u015fme ile M\u00fccadele S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi’nin (UNCCD) 2024’te yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Kuruyan Topraklar\u0131n K\u00fcresel Tehdidi: B\u00f6lgesel ve K\u00fcresel Kurakl\u0131k Trendleri ve Gelecek Tahminleri” ba\u015fl\u0131kl\u0131 raporuna g\u00f6re, kurakl\u0131k arazi bozulumunu, \u00e7\u00f6lle\u015fmeyi, ekosistemin dayan\u0131kl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve insan toplumlar\u0131n\u0131 derinden etkiliyor.<\/p>\n
Kurakl\u0131k ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 arazi bozulumu ve su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u0131da ve su g\u00fcvensizli\u011fi, zay\u0131f toprak verimlili\u011fi, mahsul ve bitki \u00fcretiminde kay\u0131p, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilikte azalma, ekosistemin bozulmas\u0131, yo\u011fun kum ve toz f\u0131rt\u0131nalar\u0131, orman yang\u0131nlar\u0131, k\u00f6t\u00fc sa\u011fl\u0131k ko\u015fular\u0131 ve b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7apl\u0131 insan g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc ile ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, insan kaynakl\u0131 iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi, d\u00fcnya genelindeki kurakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n de\u011fi\u015fmesinin ba\u015fl\u0131ca sorumlusu olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Artan kurakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n neredeyse her b\u00f6lgede insanlar\u0131 ve \u00e7evreyi tehdit etti\u011fi ortaya konulan raporda, d\u00fcnya \u00fczerindeki t\u00fcm kara par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00f6rtte \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnden fazlas\u0131n\u0131n, 2020’ye kadarki 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6nemde, \u00f6nceki 30 y\u0131ll\u0131k d\u00f6neme k\u0131yasla daha kurak bir iklim ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade edildi.<\/p>\n
Ayr\u0131ca bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te, k\u00fcresel kurak alanlar yakla\u015f\u0131k 4,3 milyon kilometrekare geni\u015fleyerek (Avustralya\/Okyanusya k\u0131tas\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde bir alan) k\u00fcresel kara par\u00e7alar\u0131n\u0131n (Antarktika hari\u00e7) y\u00fczde 40’\u0131ndan fazlas\u0131n\u0131 kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Raporda, sera gaz\u0131 emisyonlar\u0131n\u0131 azaltma \u00e7abalar\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olunursa, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n nemli b\u00f6lgelerinin y\u00fczde 3’\u00fcn\u00fcn daha bu y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n sonuna kadar kurak alanlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc de aktar\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
Rapora g\u00f6re, kurak b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan ki\u015fi say\u0131s\u0131 son 30 y\u0131lda iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131karak 2,3 milyara ula\u015ft\u0131, bu da k\u00fcresel n\u00fcfusun d\u00f6rtte birinden fazlas\u0131na tekab\u00fcl ediyor.<\/p>\n
Olu\u015fturulan tahmin modelleri, en k\u00f6t\u00fc iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fi senaryosunda 2100’e kadar 5 milyara kadar insan\u0131n kurak b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayabilece\u011fini ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Bankas\u0131n\u0131n 2021’de yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Groundswell” raporuna g\u00f6re, iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011finin etkileri nedeniyle 2050 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar 216 milyon ki\u015fi kendi \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7inde yer de\u011fi\u015ftirmek zorunda kalabilir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan UN Water taraf\u0131ndan yay\u0131mlanan verilerde, kurakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma riskiyle ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekiliyor.<\/p>\n
UN Water internet sitesinde yer alan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda, “Su, bar\u0131\u015f\u0131n da sava\u015f\u0131n da nedeni olabilir.” ifadesi yer al\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalara g\u00f6re, su k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve e\u015fitsiz eri\u015fim, mevcut toplumsal ve siyasi gerilimleri art\u0131rabiliyor. S\u0131n\u0131r a\u015fan su kaynaklar\u0131nda i\u015f birli\u011fi eksikli\u011fi, istikrar a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan risk olu\u015fturuyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
D\u00fcnya genelinde kurakla\u015fan alanlar \u00e7o\u011fal\u0131rken uluslararas\u0131 raporlar, biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlilik ve insan ya\u015fam\u0131 \u00fczerindeki tehditlerin de bununla do\u011fru orant\u0131l\u0131 olarak artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya koyuyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":31364,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2534,9],"tags":[10949,679,10948],"class_list":["post-31363","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2-bolge","category-dunya","tag-biyolojik-cesitlilik","tag-kuraklik","tag-unccd"],"yoast_head":"\n