ABD-\u0130srail ve \u0130ran aras\u0131nda t\u0131rmanan sava\u015f, k\u00fcresel enerji piyasalar\u0131n\u0131n kalbi say\u0131lan K\u00f6rfez b\u00f6lgesinde derin bir ekonomik sars\u0131nt\u0131ya neden oldu. H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131n fiilen kapanmas\u0131yla birlikte petrol ve do\u011falgaz sevkiyat\u0131nda ya\u015fanan b\u00fcy\u00fck aksama, ba\u015fta Suudi Arabistan, Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri, Katar, Kuveyt, Umman, Bahreyn ve Irak olmak \u00fczere b\u00f6lge \u00fclkelerinde milyarlarca dolarl\u0131k kayba yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n
Uzman de\u011ferlendirmelerine g\u00f6re enerji krizinin K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerine g\u00fcnl\u00fck maliyeti yakla\u015f\u0131k 2,3 milyar dolar\u0131 buluyor. Sava\u015f\u0131n ilk \u00fc\u00e7 haftas\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan tablo, yaln\u0131zca enerji \u00fcretimi ve ihracat\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil; ticaret yollar\u0131n\u0131, lojistik ak\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, finans hareketlili\u011fini ve turizm gelirlerini de ciddi bi\u00e7imde etkiledi.<\/p>\n
K\u00f6rfez b\u00f6lgesi, g\u00fcnl\u00fck yakla\u015f\u0131k 30 milyon varillik petrol \u00fcretimiyle d\u00fcnya petrol arz\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k \u00fc\u00e7te birini kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131yor. Ayn\u0131 zamanda k\u00fcresel petrol ticaretinin \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131 \u00fczerinden yap\u0131l\u0131yor. Katar ve Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri\u2019nin LNG sevkiyatlar\u0131 ile Suudi Arabistan, Kuveyt ve Irak\u2019\u0131n petrol ihracat\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck k\u0131sm\u0131 da bu dar ge\u00e7itten d\u00fcnya pazarlar\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Sava\u015f\u0131n \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc haftas\u0131nda K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerinin petrol ihracat\u0131 y\u00fczde 60\u2019tan fazla d\u00fc\u015ferek g\u00fcnl\u00fck 25,1 milyon varilden 9,7 milyon varile geriledi. Bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f, k\u00fcresel enerji arz\u0131nda ciddi bir k\u0131r\u0131lma olarak de\u011ferlendirildi.<\/p>\n
Uluslararas\u0131 Enerji Ajans\u0131 verilerine g\u00f6re deniz yoluyla ta\u015f\u0131nan petrol\u00fcn yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 25\u2019i H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019ndan ge\u00e7iyor. \u00c7in, Japonya, G\u00fcney Kore ve Hindistan gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck Asya ekonomileri de K\u00f6rfez petrol\u00fcne b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 durumda bulunuyor. B\u00f6lgeden \u00e7\u0131kan ham petrol\u00fcn y\u00fczde 44\u2019\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00c7in ve Hindistan\u2019a ihra\u00e7 edilmesi, ya\u015fanan krizin etkisini k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte daha da b\u00fcy\u00fct\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Yakla\u015f\u0131k 15 milyon varillik arz kayb\u0131, modern tarihte ya\u015fanan en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol kesintilerinden biri olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcyor. LNG ve petrokimya gelirleri hari\u00e7 tutuldu\u011funda, K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerinin son iki haftadaki petrol gelir kayb\u0131n\u0131n 25 milyar dolara ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor. LNG ve di\u011fer enerji kalemleri de dahil edildi\u011finde toplam zarar\u0131n daha da artmas\u0131ndan endi\u015fe ediliyor.<\/p>\n
Stratejik ge\u00e7itte enerji ticaretinin durma noktas\u0131na gelmesi, petrol piyasalar\u0131nda arz endi\u015fesini derinle\u015ftirirken fiyatlarda da sert y\u00fckseli\u015fi beraberinde getirdi. Petrol fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede varil ba\u015f\u0131na 100 dolar\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan, IEA \u00fcyesi \u00fclkeler toplam 400 milyon varillik acil durum petrol stokunu piyasaya sunma konusunda anla\u015fmaya vard\u0131.<\/p>\n
Bu ad\u0131m\u0131n fiyatlar\u0131n kontrols\u00fcz \u015fekilde y\u00fckselmesini \u00f6nledi\u011fi ve rafinerilerin k\u0131sa vadeli ham petrol ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamas\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 de\u011ferlendirilirken, analistler bunun tek ba\u015f\u0131na kal\u0131c\u0131 bir fiyat d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f\u00fc yaratmas\u0131n\u0131n zor oldu\u011funa i\u015faret ediyor. Piyasada panik etkisinin bir s\u00fcre s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131labilece\u011fi, ancak yap\u0131sal riskin s\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc vurgulan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiye Enerji Stratejileri ve Politikalar\u0131 Ara\u015ft\u0131rma Merkezi Ba\u015fkan\u0131 O\u011fuzhan Akyener, enerji krizinin K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkelerinde g\u00fcnl\u00fck toplam kayb\u0131n\u0131n yakla\u015f\u0131k 2,3 milyar dolar seviyesinde oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n
Akyener\u2019in de\u011ferlendirmesine g\u00f6re y\u0131ll\u0131k petrol ve do\u011falgaz gelirlerinde 230 milyar dolarla ilk s\u0131rada yer alan Suudi Arabistan\u2019\u0131, 140 milyar dolarla BAE, 120 milyar dolarla Katar, 100 milyar dolarla Kuveyt, 55 milyar dolarla Umman ve 15 milyar dolarla Bahreyn izliyor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck petrol ihracat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri olan ve OPEC i\u00e7inde belirleyici konumda bulunan Suudi Arabistan\u2019da devlet gelirlerinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131 petrol kaynaklar\u0131ndan elde ediliyor. Son iki haftal\u0131k geli\u015fmelerin ard\u0131ndan \u00fclkenin g\u00fcnl\u00fck kayb\u0131n\u0131n 1 milyar dolara yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 hesaplan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri\u2019nin g\u00fcnl\u00fck 3 milyon varil petrol \u00fcretimi bulundu\u011fu, \u00fclke gelirlerinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 60\u2019\u0131n\u0131n petrol ve do\u011falgazdan sa\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade ediliyor. H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131 krizinin BAE\u2019ye g\u00fcnl\u00fck maliyetinin ise 350 milyon dolar seviyesinde oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck LNG \u00fcreticisi ve ihracat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \u00fclkelerinden Katar\u2019da ise gelirlerin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 80\u2019i do\u011falgaz ihracat\u0131ndan geliyor. LNG tankerlerinin sevkiyat i\u00e7in H\u00fcrm\u00fcz g\u00fczerg\u00e2h\u0131na ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle Katar\u2019\u0131n ihracat\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamamen durdu\u011fu, bunun da \u00fclke ekonomisine g\u00fcnl\u00fck 300 milyon dolarl\u0131k kay\u0131p olarak yans\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 kaydediliyor.<\/p>\n
Kuveyt\u2019in g\u00fcnl\u00fck 2,8 milyon varillik petrol \u00fcretim kapasitesine sahip oldu\u011fu, \u00fclke ekonomisinin yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 85\u2019inin petrol gelirlerine dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtilirken, \u00fclkenin g\u00fcnl\u00fck kayb\u0131n\u0131n 200 milyon dolara yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade ediliyor.<\/p>\n
Uzmanlar, enerji arz zincirindeki bu k\u0131r\u0131lman\u0131n yaln\u0131zca K\u00f6rfez \u00fclkeleriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, k\u00fcresel petrol ve do\u011falgaz fiyatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinden d\u00fcnya ekonomisine de daha geni\u015f \u00e7apl\u0131 bask\u0131 olu\u015fturaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendiriyor. H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019ndaki fiili kapanman\u0131n uzamas\u0131 halinde, enerji g\u00fcvenli\u011fi tart\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n daha da sertle\u015fmesi ve ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131 \u00fclkelerde maliyet bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 bekleniyor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
ABD-\u0130srail ile \u0130ran aras\u0131nda s\u00fcren sava\u015f\u0131n H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019n\u0131 fiilen i\u015flemez hale getirmesi, K\u00f6rfez ekonomilerinde a\u011f\u0131r bir enerji krizine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. Uzmanlara g\u00f6re b\u00f6lgedeki toplam g\u00fcnl\u00fck kay\u0131p 2,3 milyar dolar seviyesine ula\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":13897,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[190,734,4312,5358,187,2800,751],"class_list":["post-13896","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi","tag-dogalgaz","tag-enerji","tag-hurmuz-bogazi","tag-korfez-ulkeleri","tag-lng","tag-lpg","tag-petrol"],"yoast_head":"\n