Orta Do\u011fu\u2019da derinle\u015fen gerilim, k\u00fcresel ticaret ve tar\u0131m piyasalar\u0131nda yeni bir maliyet bask\u0131s\u0131 yaratt\u0131. ABD ve \u0130srail\u2019in \u0130ran\u2019a y\u00f6nelik sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131 sonras\u0131nda artan \u00e7at\u0131\u015fma ortam\u0131, \u00f6zellikle H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019ndaki belirsizlik nedeniyle enerji ak\u0131\u015f\u0131, nakliye ve sigorta giderlerini yukar\u0131 \u00e7ekti. Bu geli\u015fmelerden en fazla etkilenen alanlardan biri ise g\u00fcbre sekt\u00f6r\u00fc oldu.<\/p>\n
G\u00fcbrede maliyet bask\u0131s\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyor<\/strong><\/p>\n Uzmanlar, k\u0131sa vadede g\u0131da arz\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131r\u0131lma beklenmedi\u011fini ancak artan \u00fcretim maliyetlerinin g\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131na yans\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131n ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz oldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde verimlilik a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan kritik \u00f6neme sahip g\u00fcbreye eri\u015fimde ya\u015fanan zorluklar\u0131n, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde sofradaki fiyat art\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0131zland\u0131rabilece\u011fi ifade ediliyor.<\/p>\n K\u00f6rfez b\u00f6lgesi, y\u0131lda 16 milyon tonluk \u00fcretimiyle k\u00fcresel g\u00fcbre sekt\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcn en \u00f6nemli merkezlerinden biri olarak \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor. B\u00f6lge ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00c7in ve Hindistan gibi b\u00fcy\u00fck pazarlar i\u00e7in stratejik bir ticaret hatt\u0131 niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor. Azotlu g\u00fcbre \u00fcretiminde do\u011fal gaz\u0131n pay\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 60 seviyesinde olmas\u0131 ise enerji fiyatlar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n do\u011frudan g\u00fcbre maliyetlerine yans\u0131mas\u0131na neden oluyor.<\/p>\n \u00c7ift\u00e7inin ekim plan\u0131 de\u011fi\u015febilir<\/strong><\/p>\n Sekt\u00f6r temsilcilerine g\u00f6re sava\u015f\u0131n etkisi yaln\u0131zca fiyatlarla s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmayabilir. G\u00fcbre maliyetlerindeki y\u00fckseli\u015fin, \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin ekim tercihlerini de de\u011fi\u015ftirebilece\u011fi de\u011ferlendiriliyor. \u00dcreticilerin, bu\u011fday, m\u0131s\u0131r ve soya gibi daha fazla g\u00fcbre kullan\u0131lan \u00fcr\u00fcnler yerine daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck maliyetli alternatif \u00fcr\u00fcnlere y\u00f6nelme ihtimalinin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 belirtiliyor.<\/p>\n Uzmanlar, g\u00fcbre kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n tar\u0131msal verimi yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 50 art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, buna kar\u015f\u0131n toplam \u00fcretim maliyetlerinin y\u00fczde 15 ila 20\u2019sini olu\u015fturdu\u011funu vurguluyor. D\u00fcnya genelinde hektar ba\u015f\u0131na azotlu g\u00fcbre kullan\u0131m\u0131 180 ila 200 kilogram seviyesinde seyrederken, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de bu miktar arazi yap\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011fi\u015fiyor. K\u0131ra\u00e7 alanlarda 120-150 kilogram, sulak arazilerde ise 250 kilogram\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131k\u0131labiliyor.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye ithalata ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de y\u0131ll\u0131k yakla\u015f\u0131k 7 milyon ton g\u00fcbre t\u00fcketilirken, bunun 5 milyon tonu ithalatla kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131yor. En y\u00fcksek d\u0131\u015fa ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ise y\u00fczde 70 ile \u00fcre g\u00fcbresinde oldu\u011fu belirtiliyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin bu \u00fcr\u00fcndeki ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak Umman, \u00c7in, Rusya, M\u0131s\u0131r, T\u00fcrkmenistan ve \u0130ran\u2019dan kar\u015f\u0131lad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ifade ediliyor.<\/p>\n Sekt\u00f6r kaynaklar\u0131, ilkbahar ekimleri i\u00e7in mevcut stoklarda ciddi bir sorun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve piyasaya yeterli miktarda \u00fcr\u00fcn sunuldu\u011funu belirtiyor. Ancak sava\u015f\u0131n ikinci haftas\u0131nda enerji ve nakliye giderlerindeki art\u0131\u015f, i\u00e7 piyasada fiyatlar\u0131 yukar\u0131 \u00e7ekmeye ba\u015flad\u0131. \u0130thal ham maddeye ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131k nedeniyle baz\u0131 g\u00fcbre t\u00fcrlerinde fiyatlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 15 ila 20 aras\u0131nda artt\u0131\u011f\u0131, ton fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n ise 29 bin liran\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildiriliyor.<\/p>\n H\u00fck\u00fcmetten vergi ve stok ad\u0131m\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Recep Tayyip Erdo\u011fan da \u00f6nceki g\u00fcn ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen Kabine Toplant\u0131s\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, \u00fcreticilerin ihtiya\u00e7 duyaca\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcbre stoklar\u0131n\u0131n yeterli seviyede oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Erdo\u011fan, alternatif \u00fclkelerden daha uygun fiyatla \u00fcre g\u00fcbresi temin edilebilmesi i\u00e7in y\u00fczde 6,5 olan g\u00fcmr\u00fck vergisinin s\u0131f\u0131ra indirildi\u011fini, ihracat kapasitesi bulunan baz\u0131 g\u00fcbrelerin ise i\u00e7 piyasay\u0131 desteklemek amac\u0131yla yurt i\u00e7inde tutuldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n Buna kar\u015f\u0131n sahadaki \u00fcreticiler, bayilere iletilen \u00fcr\u00fcn miktar\u0131nda azalma ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve bu nedenle baz\u0131 noktalarda fiyat verilmekten ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 dile getiriyor. \u00c7ift\u00e7iler, artan maliyetlerin ekim kararlar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden \u015fekillendirebilece\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekiyor.<\/p>\n Avrupa\u2019da da tablo benzer<\/strong><\/p>\n Avrupa\u2019da da benzer bir tablo ya\u015fan\u0131yor. \u0130talya\u2019da \u00e7ift\u00e7iler, enerji ve tar\u0131msal girdi maliyetlerindeki art\u0131\u015f\u0131 protesto etmek amac\u0131yla trakt\u00f6rlerle g\u00f6steri d\u00fczenledi. B\u00f6lgedeki sekt\u00f6r temsilcileri, g\u00fcbre fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nceki d\u00f6neme g\u00f6re y\u00fczde 49, enerji maliyetlerinin ise y\u00fczde 66 artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n Uluslararas\u0131 piyasalarda da y\u00fckseli\u015f dikkat \u00e7ekiyor. ABD\u2019li analistler, arz riskleri nedeniyle g\u00fcbre fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede y\u00fczde 50 artarak 430 dolardan 683 dolara y\u00fckseldi\u011fini belirtiyor. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ise son 13 g\u00fcnde baz\u0131 g\u00fcbre t\u00fcrlerine iki ya da \u00fc\u00e7 kez zam yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00fcre g\u00fcbresinde toplam art\u0131\u015f\u0131n 2 bin liray\u0131 a\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131, DAP g\u00fcbresinde de ton ba\u015f\u0131na art\u0131\u015f\u0131n bin liran\u0131n \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildiriliyor.<\/p>\n Sofraya yeni zam bask\u0131s\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Akademik \u00e7evreler, maliyet bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n tar\u0131msal \u00fcretimde \u00fcr\u00fcn desenini de\u011fi\u015ftirebilece\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnde. Sel\u00e7uk \u00dcniversitesi Ziraat Fak\u00fcltesi \u00d6\u011fretim \u00dcyesi Prof. Dr. S\u00fcleyman Soylu, zor \u00fcretim ko\u015fullar\u0131 alt\u0131ndaki \u00e7ift\u00e7ilerin mevcut maliyetlerle ba\u015fa \u00e7\u0131kabilmek i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 \u00fcr\u00fcnlere y\u00f6nelebilece\u011fini ifade ediyor.<\/p>\n Uzmanlara g\u00f6re sava\u015f\u0131n etkisi yaln\u0131zca tarla girdileriyle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 kalmayacak. Uluslararas\u0131 analizler, enerji ve g\u00fcbre maliyetlerindeki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n palm ya\u011f\u0131, soya ya\u011f\u0131 ve bu\u011fday fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131 da yukar\u0131 \u00e7ekti\u011fini ortaya koyuyor. \u00d6zellikle bu\u011fday fiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n son iki y\u0131l\u0131n zirvesine yakla\u015fmas\u0131, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki d\u00f6nemde g\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131ndaki bask\u0131n\u0131n daha da belirginle\u015febilece\u011fine i\u015faret ediyor.<\/p>\n \u0130stersen buna bir tur da daha vurup ara ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 daha sert, daha ekonomik ya da daha gazetecilik kokan hale getireyim.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Orta Do\u011fu\u2019daki \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar ve H\u00fcrm\u00fcz Bo\u011faz\u0131\u2019ndaki belirsizlik, enerji ve lojistik maliyetlerini y\u00fckseltti. Uzmanlara g\u00f6re g\u00fcbre tedarikindeki daralma, \u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fczdeki s\u00fcre\u00e7te g\u0131da fiyatlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde daha g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bask\u0131 olu\u015fturacak.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12177,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[563,1262,4509,581],"class_list":["post-12170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-tarim","tag-ciftci","tag-gidafiyatlari","tag-gubrekrizi","tag-ortadogu"],"yoast_head":"\n