{"id":11221,"date":"2026-03-08T00:17:51","date_gmt":"2026-03-07T21:17:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.merceknet.com\/tr\/?p=11221"},"modified":"2026-03-08T00:17:51","modified_gmt":"2026-03-07T21:17:51","slug":"mubarek-ramazanin-18-gunu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.merceknet.com\/tr\/2026\/03\/08\/mubarek-ramazanin-18-gunu\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u00fcbarek Ramazan’\u0131n 18. G\u00fcn\u00fc"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n 18. g\u00fcn\u00fcne eri\u015fmenin huzuru ve bereketi, g\u00f6n\u00fcllerde tefekk\u00fcr, sab\u0131r ve teslimiyet duygusunu daha da derinle\u015ftiriyor. Oru\u00e7la, dua ile ve ibadetle \u015fekillenen bu m\u00fcbarek zaman dilimi; insan\u0131n i\u00e7 d\u00fcnyas\u0131na y\u00f6nelmesini, kalbini ar\u0131nd\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131 ve manevi s\u00fck\u00fbnete yakla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011fl\u0131yor. Ramazan\u2019\u0131n 18. g\u00fcn\u00fc de rahmet, ma\u011ffiret ve g\u00f6n\u00fcl dirili\u015fi arayanlar i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir hat\u0131rlatma niteli\u011fi ta\u015f\u0131yor; payla\u015fman\u0131n, \u015f\u00fckr\u00fcn ve kulluk bilincinin hayat\u0131n merkezine yeniden yerle\u015fmesine vesile oluyor.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Ayet<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Rahman ve Rahim Olan Allah\u2019\u0131n Ad\u0131yla;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Siz, insanlar i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f en hay\u0131rl\u0131 \u00fcmmetsiniz. \u0130yili\u011fi emreder, k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fckten men eder ve Allah’a iman edersiniz. Kitap ehli de inansalard\u0131 elbette kendileri i\u00e7in hay\u0131rl\u0131 olurdu. Onlardan iman edenler de var. Ama pek \u00e7o\u011fu fas\u0131k kimselerdir. Onlar size eziyetten ba\u015fka bir zarar veremezler. E\u011fer sizinle sava\u015fmaya kalk\u0131\u015fsalar, size arkalar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fcp ka\u00e7arlar. Sonra onlara yard\u0131m da edilmez.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allah (C.C.) ne g\u00fczel s\u00f6yledi.<\/strong><\/span>
\n(\u00c2l-i \u0130mr\u00e2n Suresi, 110-111. ayetler)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Hadis<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Allah\u2019\u0131n Resul\u00fc Hz. Muhammet (S.A.V.) \u015f\u00f6yle buyurdu:<\/span><\/p>\n

Aran\u0131zda \u00f6yle bir grup ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r ki, namaz\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 onlar\u0131n namazlar\u0131, oru\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 onlar\u0131n oru\u00e7lar\u0131 ve di\u011fer amellerinizi de onlar\u0131n amelleri yan\u0131nda az g\u00f6receksiniz. Onlar Kur\u2019\u00e2n okurlar, fakat okuduklar\u0131 bo\u011fazlar\u0131ndan a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 ge\u00e7mez. Onlar okun yaydan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi dinden \u00e7\u0131karlar…<\/span><\/p>\n

Allah\u2019\u0131n Resul\u00fc Hz. Muhammet (S.A.V.) ne g\u00fczel s\u00f6yledi.<\/strong><\/span>
\n(Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Fed\u00e2il\u00fc\u2019l-Kur\u2019\u00e2n, 36)<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Dua<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Ey kalpleri evirip \u00e7eviren Allah’\u0131m, kalbimi dininin \u00fczerinde sabit k\u0131l.<\/span>
\n\u00c2min<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Rahm\u00e2n ve Rah\u00eem olan Allah\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131yla.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130simlerin en hay\u0131rl\u0131s\u0131 olan Allah ismiyle.<\/span><\/p>\n

Yer ve g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcn Rabbi Allah\u2019\u0131n ismiyle.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130smi sayesinde yerde hi\u00e7bir \u015feyin zarar veremeyece\u011fi Allah\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131yla.<\/span><\/p>\n

K\u00e2f\u00ee (her \u015feye yeten) Allah\u2019\u0131n ismiyle.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mu\u00e2f\u00ee (\u00e2fiyet veren) Allah\u2019\u0131n ismiyle.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130smi s\u00e2yesinde yerde ve g\u00f6kte hi\u00e7bir \u015feyin zarar veremedi\u011fi Allah\u2019\u0131n ad\u0131yla, O i\u015fitir ve bilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kendim ve d\u00eenim \u00fczerine bismill\u00e2h.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ehlim ve mal\u0131m \u00fczerine bismill\u00e2h.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rabbimin bana verdi\u011fi her \u015fey \u00fczerine bismill\u00e2h.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allah en b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr, Allah en b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr, Allah en b\u00fcy\u00fckt\u00fcr. Korktu\u011fum ve \u00e7ekindi\u011fim \u015feylerden Allah\u2019a s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m.<\/span><\/p>\n

Allah Rabbimdir, O\u2019na hi\u00e7bir \u015feyi ortak ko\u015fmam. Sana s\u0131\u011f\u0131nanlar az\u00eez ve g\u00e2lip olur, Sen\u2019in sen\u00e2n y\u00fccedir, isimlerin mukaddestir ve Sen\u2019den ba\u015fka il\u00e2h yoktur.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Hamza<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

569 veya 570 y\u0131l\u0131nda Mekke\u2019de do\u011fdu. Annesi, Hz. \u00c2mine\u2019nin amcas\u0131n\u0131n k\u0131z\u0131 olan H\u00e2le bint V\u00fcheyb\u2019dir. Eb\u00fb Leheb\u2019in c\u00e2riyesi S\u00fcveybe\u2019den s\u00fct emdikleri i\u00e7in Hz. Peygamber ile s\u00fctkarde\u015fi, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00e7ocukluk ve gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131nda arkada\u015f ve dost olduklar\u0131 bilinen Hamza\u2019n\u0131n bi\u2018setin 2 (612) veya 6. y\u0131l\u0131nda (616) m\u00fcsl\u00fcman oldu\u011fu nakledilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Rivayete g\u00f6re, Eb\u00fb Cehil ve adamlar\u0131n\u0131n Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019e hakaret ettiklerine \u015fahit olan Abdullah b. C\u00fcd\u2018\u00e2n\u2019\u0131n c\u00e2riyesi, av d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc K\u00e2be\u2019yi tavaf etmekte olan Hamza\u2019ya g\u00f6rd\u00fcklerini anlatm\u0131\u015f, b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00f6fkeye kap\u0131lan Hamza elindeki yay ile Eb\u00fb Cehil\u2019i yaralam\u0131\u015f ve, \u201c\u0130\u015fte ben de Muhammed\u2019in dinini benimsiyorum, cesareti olan varsa gelsin d\u00f6v\u00fc\u015felim\u201d diyerek \u0130sl\u00e2miyet\u2019i kabul etti\u011fini il\u00e2n etmi\u015ftir. Hamza\u2019n\u0131n \u0130sl\u00e2m dinini benimsemesiyle m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7leri artm\u0131\u015f, bu da m\u00fc\u015friklerin m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aleyhine ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek istedikleri c\u00fcretk\u00e2r te\u015febb\u00fcslerini bir kere daha g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irmelerine sebep olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber, hicretten sonra Medine\u2019de ensar ile muhacirler aras\u0131nda karde\u015flik ba\u011f\u0131 (mu\u00e2h\u00e2t) kurdu\u011fu gibi, daha \u00f6nce Mekke\u2019de de m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 birbirleriyle karde\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Nitekim Hamza m\u00fcsl\u00fcman olunca Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem onu Zeyd b. H\u00e2rise ile karde\u015f il\u00e2n etmi\u015ftir. Hz. Hamza gaz\u00e2ya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda neyi varsa hepsini Zeyd\u2019e vasiyet ederdi. Hamza Medine\u2019ye hicret etti\u011finde Kub\u00e2\u2019da K\u00fcls\u00fbm b. Hidm\u2019in (veya Sa\u2018d b. Heyseme\u2019nin) evinde misafir olarak kalm\u0131\u015f, Hz. Peygamber mu\u00e2h\u00e2t s\u0131ras\u0131nda onu K\u00fcls\u00fbm b. Hidm ile karde\u015f yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hicretten sonra Medine\u2019ye s\u0131\u011f\u0131nan m\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131 tehdit eden Kurey\u015fliler\u2019i vazge\u00e7irmek i\u00e7in onlar\u0131 ticaret yollar\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00fczere seriyyeler d\u00fczenleyen Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem, bu seriyyelerin ilki oldu\u011fu rivayet edilen S\u00eef\u00fclbahr seferinde Hz. Hamza\u2019y\u0131 kumandan tayin etti. Hamza, 1. y\u0131l\u0131n Ramazan\u0131nda (Mart 623), otuz ki\u015filik bir m\u00fcfreze ile, aralar\u0131nda Eb\u00fb Cehil\u2019in de bulundu\u011fu yakla\u015f\u0131k 300 ki\u015filik bir s\u00fcvari birli\u011fince korunan Kurey\u015f kervan\u0131n\u0131 kontrol alt\u0131nda tutmak ve gerekti\u011finde bask\u0131n d\u00fczenlemek amac\u0131yla sefere \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Taraflar, Medine\u2019nin bat\u0131s\u0131nda K\u0131z\u0131ldeniz sahillerine yak\u0131n bir yerde, C\u00fcheyneliler\u2019in ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgede kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131lar. \u00c7arp\u0131\u015fma, C\u00fcheyne kabilesinden Mecd b. Amr\u2019\u0131n gayretiyle \u00f6nlendi. Ebv\u00e2 ve Z\u00fcl\u2018u\u015feyre seferlerine ve Kaynuk\u0101\u2018 Gazvesi\u2019ne de i\u015ftirak eden Hz. Hamza bu seferlerde Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in sanca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Hamza, Bedir Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019n\u0131n (2\/624) \u00f6nde gelen kahramanlar\u0131ndand\u0131. B\u00fcy\u00fck bir cesaretle sava\u015farak teke tek vuru\u015fmak i\u00e7in ortaya \u00e7\u0131kanlardan \u015eeybe b. Reb\u00eea\u2019y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc ve Eb\u00fb S\u00fcfy\u00e2n b. Harb\u2019in kar\u0131s\u0131 Hind\u2019in babas\u0131 Utbe b. Reb\u00eea\u2019n\u0131n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclmesine yard\u0131mc\u0131 oldu. Sava\u015f esnas\u0131nda da C\u00fcbeyr b. Mut\u2018im\u2019in amcas\u0131 Tuayme b. Ad\u00ee\u2019yi ve Kurey\u015f\u2019in baz\u0131 ileri gelenlerini \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc. Bundan dolay\u0131 \u00f6zellikle Hamza\u2019dan intikam almaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan m\u00fc\u015frikler, C\u00fcbeyr b. Mut\u2018im\u2019in Habe\u015f as\u0131ll\u0131 k\u00f6lesi Vah\u015f\u00ee b. Harb\u2019e, Uhud Gazvesi\u2019nde Hamza\u2019y\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc takdirde \u00e2zat edilece\u011fine dair s\u00f6z verdiler. Hz. Hamza\u2019n\u0131n ci\u011ferini \u00e7i\u011fneyece\u011fini ve organlar\u0131ndan yapaca\u011f\u0131 gerdanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bo\u011faz\u0131na takarak Mekke\u2019ye d\u00f6nece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Hind ise b\u00fct\u00fcn tak\u0131lar\u0131na il\u00e2veten 10 alt\u0131n verece\u011fini vaad etti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Hamza, Uhud Gazvesi \u00f6ncesinde Medine\u2019de kal\u0131n\u0131p savunma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 veya \u015fehrin d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015fmanla sava\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 konusu tart\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rken Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019e ikinci \u015f\u0131kk\u0131 tercih etti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Bu gazvede de kahramanca sava\u015fan ve otuz bir ki\u015fiyi \u00f6ld\u00fcren Hamza, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in uyar\u0131s\u0131na ra\u011fmen ok\u00e7ular\u0131n yerlerini terketmesi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden \u0130sl\u00e2m ordusu bozguna u\u011fray\u0131nca, \u201cBen Allah ve resul\u00fcn\u00fcn aslan\u0131y\u0131m. Allah\u2019\u0131m! Eb\u00fb S\u00fcfy\u00e2n ile adamlar\u0131n\u0131n yapt\u0131klar\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcl\u00fcklerden sana s\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131r\u0131m. M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f hareketlerinden dolay\u0131 da senden af dilerim\u201d diyerek d\u00fc\u015fmanla \u00e7arp\u0131\u015fmaya devam etti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir ta\u015f\u0131n arkas\u0131na gizlenip Sib\u00e2\u2018 b. Abd\u00fcluzz\u00e2 ile vuru\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 seyreden Vah\u015f\u00ee, Hz. Hamza\u2019n\u0131n Sib\u00e2\u2018\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fckten sonra kendisinin bulundu\u011fu yere yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnce m\u0131zra\u011f\u0131n\u0131 f\u0131rlatarak onu \u015fehid etti; daha sonra ci\u011ferini \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131p Hind\u2019e g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. D\u00fc\u015fman askerleri, ba\u015fta Hamza olmak \u00fczere babas\u0131 m\u00fc\u015frik olan Hanzale b. Eb\u00fb \u00c2mir d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda b\u00fct\u00fcn \u015fehidlerin burunlar\u0131n\u0131, kulaklar\u0131n\u0131 ve di\u011fer organlar\u0131n\u0131 keserek iplere dizip sava\u015fa kat\u0131lan kad\u0131nlar\u0131n boyunlar\u0131na gerdanl\u0131k diye takt\u0131lar ve Mekke\u2019ye o \u015fekilde girmelerini sa\u011flad\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem, Hz. Hamza\u2019y\u0131 bu durumda g\u00f6r\u00fcnce \u00e7ok \u00fcz\u00fcld\u00fc, a\u011flad\u0131 ve \u015f\u00f6yle dedi: \u201cHi\u00e7 kimse senin kadar musibete u\u011framam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve u\u011framayacakt\u0131r. Beni bunun kadar \u00f6fkelendiren bir \u015fey olmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ey Res\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n amcas\u0131! Ey Allah ve resul\u00fcn\u00fcn aslan\u0131 Hamza! Allah sana rahmet etsin. \u0130yi bilirim ki sen h\u0131s\u0131m ve akrabal\u0131k haklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zetir, daima hay\u0131rl\u0131 i\u015fler yapard\u0131n. E\u011fer yas tutmak gerekseydi sana yas tutard\u0131m.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber daha sonra yetmi\u015f (veya otuz) m\u00fc\u015fri\u011fi katledip ayn\u0131 \u015fekilde intikam alaca\u011f\u0131na yemin etti. Ancak, \u201cE\u011fer ceza verecekseniz size yap\u0131lan\u0131n misliyle ceza verin. Ama sabrederseniz elbette bu sabredenler i\u00e7in daha hay\u0131rl\u0131d\u0131r\u201d (en-Nahl 16\/126)<\/em> me\u00e2lindeki \u00e2yet n\u00e2zil olunca bundan vazge\u00e7ti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem, Hz. Hamza\u2019y\u0131 g\u00f6rmek isteyen k\u0131z karde\u015fi Safiyye\u2019ye engel olmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131ysa da Safiyye, karde\u015finin bu musibete Allah yolunda u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, Allah yolunda bundan daha beterine de raz\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve sevab\u0131 O\u2019ndan bekleyece\u011fini s\u00f6yleyerek \u0131srar etti; fakat Hamza\u2019n\u0131n cenazesini g\u00f6r\u00fcnce g\u00f6zya\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 tutamad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber, Hamza\u2019n\u0131n Allah ve resul\u00fcn\u00fcn aslan\u0131, \u015fehidlerin efendisi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyerek halas\u0131 Safiyye ile k\u0131z\u0131 F\u00e2t\u0131ma\u2019y\u0131 teskin etti ve \u015fehidlerin \u00f6lmeyip cennette ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 belirttikten sonra bu esnada n\u00e2zil olan, \u201cAllah yolunda \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclenleri sak\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fc zannetmeyin. Bilakis onlar diridirler. Allah\u2019\u0131n kendi lutuf ve kereminden kendilerine verdikleriyle sevin\u00e7li bir halde rableri yan\u0131nda r\u0131z\u0131klara mazhar olmaktad\u0131rlar. Arkalar\u0131ndan gelecek ve hen\u00fcz kendilerine kat\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f olan \u015fehid karde\u015fleri i\u00e7in de hi\u00e7bir keder ve korkunun bulunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcjdesinin sevincini duymaktad\u0131rlar\u201d (\u00c2l-i \u0130mr\u00e2n 3\/169-170)<\/em> me\u00e2lindeki \u00e2yet-i ker\u00eemeyi okudu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Hamza\u2019n\u0131n cenaze namaz\u0131n\u0131 Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem k\u0131ld\u0131rd\u0131; arkas\u0131ndan da di\u011fer \u015fehidlerin namaz\u0131 k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131. \u015eehidler y\u0131kanmadan kendi elbiseleriyle iki\u015fer \u00fc\u00e7er Uhud\u2019da topra\u011fa verildi. \u00dczerlerindeki k\u0131yafetler g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs ve ba\u015f k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na sar\u0131ld\u0131, alt k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131 da kokulu otlarla \u00f6rt\u00fcld\u00fc. Hamza\u2019n\u0131n kabrini Eb\u00fb Bekir, \u00d6mer, Ali ve Z\u00fcbeyr kazd\u0131lar ve Res\u00fblullah ile birlikte defnettiler. Hamza, k\u0131z karde\u015finin o\u011flu Abdullah b. Cah\u015f ile ayn\u0131 kabre konuldu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem Medine\u2019ye d\u00f6n\u00fcnce Sa\u2018d b. Mu\u00e2z, Mu\u00e2z b. Cebel ve Abdullah b. Rev\u00e2ha ile ensara mensup kad\u0131nlar kendisine t\u00e2ziyede bulundular ve g\u00f6zya\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6kerek \u00fcz\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc payla\u015ft\u0131lar. Ensarl\u0131 kad\u0131nlar\u0131n a\u011flamay\u0131 gece yar\u0131s\u0131na kadar s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fcklerini haber alan Hz. Peygamber, onlara te\u015fekk\u00fcr ve dua ettikten sonra evlerine yollad\u0131. Ertesi g\u00fcn de bu \u015fekilde a\u011flamalar\u0131n\u0131 uygun bulmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Akrabal\u0131k hukukunu g\u00f6zeten, mert ve titiz bir insan olan Hz. Hamza, Uhud Sava\u015f\u0131\u2019nda dillere destan olacak \u015fekilde bir kahramanl\u0131k g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir. \u0130sl\u00e2miyet u\u011fruna kendi hayat\u0131n\u0131 hi\u00e7e sayarken sava\u015f\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn tekniklerini kullanm\u0131\u015f, o g\u00fcn\u00fcn gazileri ve daha sonra hak yolunda sava\u015facak b\u00fct\u00fcn gaziler i\u00e7in cesaret ve kahramanl\u0131k \u00f6rne\u011fi olmu\u015f, gazi ve \u015fehidlerin p\u00eeri say\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bundan dolay\u0131 \u0130sl\u00e2m tarihinde \u201cseyyid\u00fc\u015f\u015f\u00fched\u00e2\u201d ve \u201cesedullah\u201d unvanlar\u0131 ile an\u0131lagelmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem\u2019in \u00e7ok sevip sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131, madd\u00ee ve m\u00e2nev\u00ee desteklerine mazhar oldu\u011fu Hz. Hamza ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde ilm\u00ee ve idar\u00ee faaliyetlere kat\u0131lamam\u0131\u015f, bu sebeple de kaynaklarda hakk\u0131nda fazla bilgi yer almam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Onun mukadderat\u0131, bir bak\u0131ma Res\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n anne ve babas\u0131n\u0131n mukadderat\u0131na benzemi\u015ftir. Her ikisi de gen\u00e7 ya\u015fta vefat eden ebeveyn-i res\u00fbl\u00fcn vazifesi, sanki son peygamberi do\u011furup insanl\u0131\u011fa hediye etmekten ibaretti. Hamza\u2019n\u0131n da g\u00f6revi m\u00fcsl\u00fcman varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 u\u011frunda elden geleni yapt\u0131ktan sonra ayn\u0131 yolda \u015fah\u00e2det \u015ferbetini i\u00e7mek ve tarih boyunca gazilerin g\u00f6n\u00fcllerinde ya\u015famaktan ibaret olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vah\u015f\u00ee b. Harb, Mekke\u2019nin fethinden sonra T\u00e2if\u2019e ka\u00e7\u0131p oraya yerle\u015fti. T\u00e2ifliler, \u0130sl\u00e2miyet\u2019i kabul ettiklerini bildirmek \u00fczere Medine\u2019ye bir heyet g\u00f6nderdiklerinde Vah\u015f\u00ee de onlarla birlikte Medine\u2019ye gelip Hz. Peygamber\u2019in huzuruna \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. Amcas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fehid edili\u015fini kendisinden dinlerken b\u00fcy\u00fck bir teess\u00fcre kap\u0131lan Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem, ona bir daha g\u00f6z\u00fcne g\u00f6r\u00fcnmemesini s\u00f6yledi. Res\u00fblullah\u2019\u0131n Vah\u015f\u00ee\u2019yi cezaland\u0131rmak \u015f\u00f6yle dursun ona k\u00f6t\u00fc bir s\u00f6z bile s\u00f6ylememekle beraber kendisini g\u00f6rmeye tahamm\u00fcl edemeyece\u011fini ifade etmesi, Hamza\u2019y\u0131 ne kadar \u00e7ok sevdi\u011fini g\u00f6stermesi bak\u0131m\u0131ndan dikkate de\u011fer bir olayd\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hamza\u2019n\u0131n Havle bint Kays\u2019tan Um\u00e2re, Bint\u00fc\u2019l-Mille b. M\u00e2lik el-Evs\u00ee\u2019den Ya\u2018l\u00e2 ve \u00c2mir adl\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7 o\u011flu ile Selm\u00e2 bint Umeys\u2019ten \u00dcm\u00e2me adl\u0131 bir k\u0131z\u0131 olmu\u015ftu. \u00dcm\u00e2me\u2019nin teyzesi Esm\u00e2, Ca\u2018fer b. Eb\u00fb T\u00e2lib\u2019in han\u0131m\u0131 oldu\u011fundan Hz. Peygamber onun bak\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 Hz. Ca\u2018fer\u2019e tevdi etti. Daha sonraki y\u0131llarda Hz. Ali, Res\u00fblullah\u2019a amcas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fczel k\u0131z\u0131 \u00dcm\u00e2me ile evlenmesini teklif etmi\u015f, ancak Hz. Peygamber \u00dcm\u00e2me\u2019nin s\u00fct karde\u015finin k\u0131z\u0131 oldu\u011funu ve Allah\u2019\u0131n s\u00fct karde\u015f k\u0131z\u0131 ile evlenmeyi haram k\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir (\u0130bn Sa\u2018d, III, 11-12).<\/em> Res\u00fbl-i Ekrem \u00dcm\u00e2me\u2019yi Mahz\u00fbmo\u011fullar\u0131\u2019ndan Seleme b. Eb\u00fb Seleme ile evlendirmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Hamza, Res\u00fblullah\u2019tan \u015fu me\u00e2lde bir hadis rivayet etmi\u015ftir: \u201cAllah\u2019\u0131m! Senden ism-i a\u2018zam\u0131n ve r\u0131z\u00e2y\u0131 ekberin h\u00fcrmetine istekte bulunuyorum\u201d \u015feklindeki duaya devam ediniz\u201d (\u0130bn\u00fc\u2019l-Es\u00eer, II, 55).<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Hamza\u2019n\u0131n t\u00fcrbesinin Abb\u00e2s\u00ee Halifesi N\u00e2s\u0131r-Lid\u00eenill\u00e2h\u2019\u0131n (1180-1225) annesi taraf\u0131ndan yapt\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 rivayet edilir. T\u00fcrbenin yan\u0131na daha sonraki d\u00f6nemlerde mescid ve k\u00fct\u00fcphane yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Osmanl\u0131lar zaman\u0131nda buran\u0131n bak\u0131m\u0131na itina g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. B\u00f6lgenin y\u00f6netimi Osmanl\u0131lar\u2019\u0131n elinden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131ktan sonra t\u00fcrbe ve \u00e7evresindeki b\u00fct\u00fcn yap\u0131lar y\u0131k\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (DMT, III, 335-336).<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanlar aras\u0131nda kahramanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n sembol\u00fc olan Hz. Hamza, T\u00fcrk folklorunda g\u00fcre\u015f\u00e7ilerin p\u00eeri say\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi menk\u0131bev\u00ee hayat\u0131 m\u00fcsl\u00fcman milletlerin edebiyatlar\u0131nda kendi ad\u0131yla an\u0131lan eserlere konu olmu\u015ftur.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee Ahmed Faruk\u00ee (k.s.)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Uzun boylu, bu\u011fday benizli, g\u00f6k\u00e7ek y\u00fczl\u00fcyd\u00fc. Ka\u015flar\u0131 siyah ve hilal bi\u00e7imindeydi. G\u00f6zlerinin beyaz\u0131 olduk\u00e7a beyaz, siyah\u0131 daha siyaht\u0131. Bak\u0131\u015flar\u0131 canl\u0131 ve keskindi. \u00c7ekme burunlu, dudaklar\u0131 ince k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 renkliydi. A\u011fz\u0131 orta b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteydi. Di\u015fleri inci gibi d\u00fczg\u00fcn ve parlakt\u0131. Sakal\u0131 g\u00fcr ve b\u00fcy\u00fck\u00e7eydi. \u0130kinci hicr\u00ee bininci y\u0131l\u0131n yenileyicisi yani \u201cM\u00fcceddid-i elf-i san\u00ee.\u201d Nak\u015f\u00ee, Kadir\u00ee, Suhreverd\u00ee, \u00c7i\u015ft\u00ee ve Kubrev\u00ee tarikatlar\u0131ndan icazetli Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee imam ve Rahm\u00e2n\u00ee m\u00fcr\u015fid.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ad\u0131 Ahmed b. Abd\u00fclahad el-Faruk\u00ee\u2019dir. \u201cFaruk\u00ee\u201d nisbesi, ikinci halife Hz. \u00d6mer\u00fc\u2019l-Faruk\u2019un soyundan olmas\u0131ndan; \u201c\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u201d Allah adam\u0131 imam demek; \u201cM\u00fcceddid-i elf-i san\u00ee\u201d \u015f\u00f6hreti ise Hz. Peygamber\u2019in \u201cAllah her y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda bu \u00fcmmete dinini yenileyen (m\u00fcceddid) g\u00f6nderecektir.\u201d (Eb\u00fb D\u00e2vud, M\u0131\u015fkat, I, 82)<\/em> hadis-i \u015ferifi gere\u011fi, ikinci bin y\u0131l\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda gelen \u201cm\u00fcceddid\u201d say\u0131lmas\u0131ndand\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee, 971\/1563 y\u0131l\u0131nda Hindistan\u2019da Delhi ile Lahor aras\u0131ndaki Serhind denilen yerde do\u011fdu. \u0130lk hocas\u0131 babas\u0131yd\u0131. Ondan Arap\u00e7a ve \u0130slam\u00ee ilimler tahsil etti. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015fta h\u0131fz\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131. Kemaleddin Ke\u015fmiri\u2019den akl\u00ee ve nakl\u00ee ilimleri, \u0130bnu\u2019l-Haceri\u2019l-Mekk\u00ee ile Abdurrahman b. Fihri\u2019l-Mekk\u00ee\u2019den muteber hadis kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, Behlul Bedah\u015fan\u00ee\u2019den de f\u0131k\u0131h, tefsir ve di\u011fer \u0130slam\u00ee konulara dair eserleri okudu. Onyedi ya\u015f\u0131nda iken icazet alacak seviyeye geldi. \u0130lim tahsili s\u0131ras\u0131nda baz\u0131 eserler telifiyle me\u015fgul olacak kadar ilme ve telife yatk\u0131nd\u0131. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015flardan itibaren tasavvuf yoluna olan meyli sebebiyle babas\u0131 eliyle Kadiriyye, Suhreverdiyye ve \u00c7i\u015ftiyye gibi tarikatlara intisab etti.<\/span><\/p>\n

Babas\u0131n\u0131n vefat\u0131ndan sonra hac vesilesiyle memleketinden ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Hac d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc Delhi\u2019ye geldi\u011finde Nak\u015fbend\u00ee ulular\u0131ndan Muhammed b. Baki Billah\u2019a intisab etti. \u0130ki aydan biraz fazla bir zaman i\u00e7inde seyr \u00fc s\u00fcl\u00fbkunu tamamlad\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee, Hind-Mo\u011fol h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131ndan Ekber \u015eah\u2019\u0131n ba\u015flatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 karma yeni bir din ihdas\u0131 fikrine kar\u015f\u0131 \u201csaf ve temiz \u0130slam\u201d\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fczellikleriyle savundu ve Ekber\u2019in o\u011flu Cihangir\u2019in ve ona tabi olanlar\u0131n \u0130slam\u00ee vasata ermelerini sa\u011flad\u0131. \u0130r\u015fad, tebli\u011f ve m\u00fccadelelerle ge\u00e7en \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc 63 ya\u015f\u0131nda noktalad\u0131 ve Serhind\u2019de 1034\/1625 y\u0131l\u0131nda vefat etti. Serhind kabristan\u0131nda medfundur. T\u00fcrk\u00e7e telaffuzu bazan \u201cSerhend\u201d \u015feklinde ifade edilen bu yerin do\u011fru ad\u0131 Serhind\u2019dir. Hindistan s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 demektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Denizin Denize Kavu\u015fmas\u0131 Gibi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee, Nak\u015f\u00ee yolunu \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi \u015feyhi Muhammed Baki Billah ile Delhi\u2019de kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131. Ancak bu kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma tesad\u00fcf eseri meydana gelmi\u015f de\u011fildi. Belki de Baki Billah\u2019\u0131n Delhi\u2019ye geli\u015fi, ilah\u00ee kaderin \u201cM\u00fcceddid-i elf-i san\u00ee\u201d olarak takdir buyurdu\u011fu Ahmed Faruk\u00ee\u2019yi yeti\u015ftirmek i\u00e7indi. \u015eeyhi Haceg\u00ee Muhammed Emkeneg\u00ee taraf\u0131ndan \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019yi ir\u015fad i\u00e7in g\u00f6nderilen M. Baki Billah ile \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin bulu\u015fmas\u0131 iki denizin birbirine kavu\u015fmas\u0131 gibiydi.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ahmed Faruk\u00ee, sahip oldu\u011fu \u00fcst\u00fcn kabiliyet sayesinde iki ayda \u015feyhinin yan\u0131nda s\u00fcl\u00fbkunu tamamlad\u0131. \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee bunu bizzat kendisi Mekt\u00fbb\u00e2t<\/em>\u2019\u0131nda (I, 333 vd., 190. Mektup)<\/em> ve ondan naklen el-Han\u00ee, el-Had\u00e2iku\u2019l-Verdiyye<\/em> adl\u0131 eserinde anlatmaktad\u0131r. Mekt\u00fbb\u00e2t<\/em>\u2019\u0131n verdi\u011fi bilgilere g\u00f6re \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee, \u201clafza-i cel\u00e2l\u201d zikriyle ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcl\u00fbkunu gaybet, fena, cem\u2018, sahv ve sekr hallerinden ge\u00e7erek \u201cm\u00fc\u015fahede\u201dye erdi\u011fi \u015feklinde anlat\u0131r. M\u00fc\u015fahede halinde b\u00fct\u00fcn zerreleri Hakk Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019n\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc aynalar olarak tan\u0131mlar. Onun ard\u0131ndan Hakk\u2019\u0131, varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn zerreleri ile beraber g\u00f6r\u00fcr. Bunu, Hakk\u2019\u0131 k\u00e2inata biti\u015fik ya da ayr\u0131 olmayarak, i\u00e7inde veya d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bulunmayarak m\u00fc\u015fahede hali izler. Bunun ard\u0131ndan Hakk Te\u00e2l\u00e2\u2019y\u0131 k\u00e2inat ile ili\u015fkisi olmayan ve keyfiyeti bilinemeyen bir ilgi i\u00e7inde bilir. Nihayet keyfiyet, ya da tenzih ile de olsa m\u00fc\u015fahede edilen Hakk\u2019\u0131n tekv\u00een (yaratma) s\u0131fat\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bu halleri anlatt\u0131ktan sonra \u015feyhi taraf\u0131ndan kendisine ir\u015fad icazeti verildi\u011fini ve bu emre uyarak ir\u015fada ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlatmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 D\u00f6nem<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6nemde Hindistan b\u00f6lgesinin idaresi Mo\u011fol h\u00fck\u00fcmdarlar\u0131n\u0131n elindeydi. Bunlardan \u00f6zellikle imam ile \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f olan Ekber \u015eah, sap\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n, dalaletin zirvesindeydi. O, Hinduizm, Hristiyanl\u0131k ve M\u00fcsl\u00fcmanl\u0131k gibi dinlerin be\u011fendi\u011fi taraflar\u0131n\u0131 alarak yeni bir din kurma gayreti i\u00e7indeydi. Ancak onun kurmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 din, en \u00e7ok Hinduizmden etkileniyordu. Sultan, Hindulara yaranmak, onlar\u0131n g\u00f6n\u00fcllerini kazanmak istiyordu. Mec\u00fbs\u00eelerden ate\u015fe tapmay\u0131, Hristiyanlardan \u00e7an \u00e7almay\u0131, istavroz \u00e7\u0131karmay\u0131, Hindulardan din\u00ee g\u00fcn ve bayramlar\u0131, merasim ve t\u00f6relerle ruh g\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fc, tenas\u00fch inanc\u0131n\u0131 ald\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Devrin tasavvuf mensubu say\u0131lan baz\u0131 kimseler filozoflar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle \u0130\u015fr\u00e2kiyye ve Rev\u00e2kiyye felsefelerinin varl\u0131kla ilgili g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini Hind felsefesiyle de kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rarak anlat\u0131yordu. B\u00f6ylesine kar\u0131\u015f\u0131k ve sultanlar\u0131n ul\u00fbhiyet iddias\u0131na kalk\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6nemde yeti\u015fen \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir m\u00fccadele verdi. Silahs\u0131z ve kimsesiz bu g\u00f6n\u00fcl m\u00fccahidi, tek ba\u015f\u0131na g\u00fczellikler dini \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 savundu. Sultan; hapis, i\u015fkence, her t\u00fcrl\u00fc sindirme politikalar\u0131n\u0131 izlediyse de ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olamad\u0131. H\u00fck\u00fcmdar\u0131n uydurdu\u011fu din, b\u00fct\u00fcn sap\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131yla t\u00fckendi. \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee, ezilen, yara alan \u0130slam\u2019\u0131 yeniden dirilik ve g\u00fczelli\u011fiyle hayata koydu. Tasavvufa, ruhbanl\u0131k ve felsef\u00ee cereyanlardan sokulmak istenen \u201chul\u00fbl, ittihad ve tenas\u00fch\u201d gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri at\u0131p onu as\u0131l kayna\u011f\u0131 olan Kur\u2019an ve S\u00fcnnet \u00e7izgisine getirdi. Halk aras\u0131nda yay\u0131lan bid\u2018at ve cahiliye adetlerini temizleyerek \u015feriata ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 per\u00e7inledi. \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin terbiye anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131yla yeti\u015fmi\u015f binlerce halife, m\u00fcrid ve m\u00fcntesibi, bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceleri Orta Asya, Anadolu, Irak ve Suriye taraflar\u0131na da ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Eserleri ve Mekt\u00fbb\u00e2t\u2019\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee, gen\u00e7lik y\u0131llar\u0131nda birtak\u0131m eserler ve risaleler kaleme alm\u0131\u015fsa da \u015feyhlik y\u0131llar\u0131nda g\u00f6n\u00fcl sohbeti ve mektupla ir\u015fad usul\u00fcn\u00fc benimseyerek eser telifini b\u0131rakt\u0131. Mektupla ir\u015fad, Hz. Peygamber\u2019le ba\u015flayan bir tebli\u011f y\u00f6ntemiydi. Asr-\u0131 saadetten sonra pek \u00e7ok ilim ve g\u00f6n\u00fcl adam\u0131 bunu benimsedi. \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin gerek talebelerine ve halifelerine, gerekse halktan kendisine soru soran kimselere yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mektuplar bir eser haline gelmi\u015f, muhtelif dillere terceme edilerek kaynak eser niteli\u011fi kazanm\u0131\u015f, tasavvuf ve ahlakta m\u00fcracaat kitab\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Vahdet-i V\u00fccud – Vahdet-i \u015e\u00fchud<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019nin en \u00f6nemli \u00f6zelliklerinden biri de genellikle \u201cVahdet-i v\u00fccud\u201d denilen ve \u201cpanteizm\u201d ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lan vahdet-i v\u00fccudu, \u201cVahdet-i \u015f\u00fchud\u201d ad\u0131yla daha anla\u015f\u0131labilir hale getirmesidir. Vahdet-i v\u00fccuddaki \u201cHer \u015fey O\u2019dur\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131, \u201cHer \u015fey O\u2019ndand\u0131r\u201d \u015feklinde anlayan; Hakk ile halk\u0131n ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulundu\u011funu, ancak halk\u0131n v\u00fccudunun Hakk\u2019\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re g\u00f6lge mesabesinde oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc benimsemi\u015ftir. \u201cE\u015fya\u2019da Hakk\u2019\u0131 g\u00f6rme\u201d \u015feklinde ifade edilen vahdet-i \u015f\u00fchud, bir bak\u0131ma vahdet-i v\u00fccudun ileri derecesi olarak g\u00f6r\u00fclmesidir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dervi\u015flik, \u015eeyhe Teslimiyet<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

M\u00fcridin, \u015feyhine ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131kta \u201cgassal (\u00f6l\u00fc y\u0131kay\u0131c\u0131) \u00f6n\u00fcndeki \u00f6l\u00fc gibi olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini\u201d \u00f6\u011f\u00fctlerdi. Minnet ve \u0131st\u0131rab\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n levaz\u0131m\u0131 sayard\u0131. Yoksulluk, s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ve dert, \u00e7aresiz katlan\u0131lacak hususlardand\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc dost, sevdi\u011fini, kendisinden ba\u015fka her \u015feyden kesilmi\u015f ve s\u0131yr\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir halde g\u00f6rmek ister. Bu makamda huzur huzursuzlukta, karar karars\u0131zl\u0131kta, rahat rahats\u0131zl\u0131kta olurdu. Bu makamda nefsin talebine \u00e7are aramadan kendini minnet ve \u0131st\u0131raba b\u0131rakmak, devan\u0131n ta kendisidir. Devlet, O\u2019ndan ne gelirse raz\u0131 olmakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dervi\u015flikte kemalin \u015fart\u0131 olarak fenaya ermeyi \u015fart ko\u015fard\u0131. O\u2019na g\u00f6re fena, \u201c\u00f6lmeden evvel \u00f6lmek\u201d s\u0131rr\u0131na ermekti. De\u011filse insan, kalbi, d\u00fcnya mabudlar\u0131 ve nefs putlar\u0131na tapmaktan kurtulamazd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

Anlat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6re Abd\u00fclhakim Siyalkuti, \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee ile \u00e7a\u011fda\u015ft\u0131 ve onu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcmseyenlerdendi. Bir gece r\u00fcyada \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019yi g\u00f6rd\u00fc. \u0130mam ona: \u201cHabibim sen \u2018Allah\u2019 de ge\u00e7. Onlar\u0131 dald\u0131klar\u0131 batakl\u0131kta b\u0131rak da oynayadursunlar\u201d (el-En\u2018\u00e2m, 6\/91)<\/em> ayetini okudu. R\u00fcyada bu ayetin manas\u0131 sayesinde \u015eeyh Abd\u00fclhakim\u2019in kalbinde a\u015fk, muhabbet ve \u015fevk meydana geldi. Kalbi \u201cAllah Allah\u201d diyerek uyand\u0131. Uyand\u0131ktan sonra da zikr-i ilah\u00ee devam etti. Do\u011fruca \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019ye gidip intisab etti. Rivayete g\u00f6re \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019ye M\u00fcceddid-i elf-i san\u00ee s\u0131fat\u0131n\u0131 veren odur.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sahabe ile Veli Aras\u0131ndaki Fark<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Fena, baka, s\u00fcl\u00fbk ve cezbe ile Hakk\u2019a yak\u0131nl\u0131k i\u00e7in \u201cvelayet yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d tabiri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dcmmetin velileri bu \u201cyak\u00een\u201d ile \u015fereflenmi\u015ftir. Ash\u00e2b-\u0131 kiram\u0131n Res\u00fblullah (s.a.) Efendimizin sohbetiyle elde ettikleri yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011fa \u201cn\u00fcb\u00fcvvet yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d denilir. N\u00fcb\u00fcvvet yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, ittiba ve veraset yoluyla gelmi\u015ftir. Bu y\u00fczden bu yak\u0131nl\u0131kta fena, baka, cezbe ve s\u00fcl\u00fbk yoktur ve bu yak\u0131nl\u0131k, velayet yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u00fcr. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc n\u00fcb\u00fcvvet yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131, as\u0131l yak\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131r. Velayet yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ise onun g\u00f6lgesinde bir yak\u0131nl\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Velayet yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in fena, baka, cezbe ve s\u00fcl\u00fbk; \u00f6nc\u00fc ve ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 say\u0131l\u0131r. E\u011fer yol, n\u00fcb\u00fcvvet yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 caddesine d\u00fc\u015fecek olursa, o zaman bu \u00f6nc\u00fc ve ba\u015flang\u0131ca gerek kalmaz. Ash\u00e2b-\u0131 kiram n\u00fcb\u00fcvvet yak\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 caddesinden y\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fc\u015flerdir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eeriat ve Tarikat<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re ger\u00e7ekte \u015feriat ve tarikat birdir; ikisi aras\u0131nda ayr\u0131l\u0131k, gayr\u0131l\u0131k ve fark yoktur. Ancak toplu ve a\u00e7\u0131k tasnifte farkl\u0131l\u0131k vard\u0131r. \u015eeriat icm\u00e2ldir, derli toplu belli manalard\u0131r. Hakikat ise ayr\u0131nt\u0131lard\u0131r. Birine \u00e7e\u015fitli delillerle, di\u011ferine ke\u015ff ile erilir. Biri gayb, biri \u015fehadettir. \u015eeriat gayb, hakikat ise \u015fehadet say\u0131l\u0131r. \u015eeriat gayba iman\u0131 emreder; hakikate erince gizli, sakl\u0131 bir \u015fey kalmaz, her \u015fey a\u00e7\u0131k hale gelir. \u015eeriat\u0131n emri gere\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015f h\u00fck\u00fcmler, hakka\u2019l-yak\u00een hakikatiyle tahakkuk edince aynen a\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131kar, ayr\u0131nt\u0131lar\u0131 ile ortaya d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcr. Daha \u00f6nce gayb iken \u015fehadet \u00e2leminde g\u00f6z\u00fck\u00fcrler. Hakka\u2019l-yak\u00eene eren kimsede meydana gelen ilimler, \u015feriat ilimlerine uygun d\u00fc\u015fer. Arada k\u0131l kadar da olsa bir ayr\u0131l\u0131k olsa hakka\u2019l-yak\u00een makam\u0131n\u0131n hakikatine ula\u015f\u0131lmam\u0131\u015f say\u0131l\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Erb\u00e2b-\u0131 tarikatten sad\u0131r olan ve \u015feriat\u0131n emirlerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclen tutum ve s\u00f6zler, genellikle vaktin manev\u00ee sarho\u015flu\u011funa yorulur. Bunlar seyr \u00fc s\u00fcl\u00fbk esnas\u0131nda meydana gelir. Yolunu tamamlayan kimseler, ay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, sahv ve temkine erdi\u011fi i\u00e7in onlarda bu t\u00fcr s\u00f6zler kalmaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a.) ve Nak\u015fbend\u00eelik<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee, Nak\u015fbendiyye tarikat\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir oldu\u011funu belirttikten sonra, bu yoldaki ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde oldu\u011funu anlat\u0131r. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc onlar\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131, Hz. Eb\u00fb Bekir (r.a.)\u2019\u0131n huzuruna ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6zel bir ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca Nak\u015fbendiyye tarikat\u0131n\u0131n bir ba\u015fka \u00f6zelli\u011fi de bu yolda sonda elde edilecek makam\u0131n i\u015fin ba\u015f\u0131nda elde edilmesidir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u015eah-\u0131 Nak\u015fbend, \u201cBiz sonu \u00f6ne ald\u0131k\u201d buyurur. Tarikatte nihai gaye Hakk\u2019a vuslatt\u0131r, onun da dereceleri vard\u0131r. Nak\u015f\u00ee mensuplar\u0131 yolun ba\u015f\u0131nda vuslattan nasib al\u0131rlar.<\/span><\/p>\n

Veraset \u0130lmi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Cen\u00e2b-\u0131 Peygamber (s.a.) buyurur ki: \u201c\u00c2limler, peygamberlerin varisleridir\u201d (Ahmed b. Hanbel\u2019in M\u00fcsnedi).<\/em> \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re \u00e2limler iki t\u00fcr ilim b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r: \u201cAhk\u00e2m ilmi, esrar ilmi.\u201d Peygamber varisi olmaya lay\u0131k olan kimse, peygamberlerin bu iki ilmine de varis olur. Sadece birine varis olmak yetmez. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc miras\u00e7\u0131, \u00f6lenin her \u015feyine varis olur. Murisin b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131ndan baz\u0131lar\u0131na varis olup baz\u0131lar\u0131na olmamas\u0131 s\u00f6z konusu olamaz.<\/span><\/p>\n

Hz. Peygamber (s.a.) bir ba\u015fka hadislerinde, \u201c\u00dcmmetimin bilginleri, \u0130srailo\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131n peygamberleri gibidir\u201d buyurmu\u015ftur. Burada ge\u00e7en \u00e2lim, Hz. Peygamber\u2019in her iki miras\u0131na da varis oland\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

S\u0131rlara dair ilimler, manev\u00ee sarho\u015fluk denilen \u201csekr\u201d halinde s\u00f6ylenen vahdet-i v\u00fccud, vahdette kesreti, kesrette vahdeti g\u00f6rme gibi duygular ve bilgiler de\u011fil; sahv, yani ay\u0131kl\u0131k halindeki ke\u015ff ve ilhamlard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bid\u2018atlerle M\u00fccadele<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee, her bid\u2018atin bir s\u00fcnneti ortadan kald\u0131rmas\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 bid\u2018atlerle \u00e7ok m\u00fccadele etmi\u015ftir. Bid\u2018atlerin s\u00fcnnetleri kald\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rneklerle anlat\u0131rken \u015funlar\u0131 s\u00f6ylemektedir:<\/span><\/p>\n

Mesela baz\u0131 \u015feyhler sar\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n ucunu sol taraftan sark\u0131t\u0131rlar. Bunu da iyi ve makbul sayarlar. Oysa ki sar\u0131\u011f\u0131n ucunun iki omuz aras\u0131ndan sark\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131 s\u00fcnnettir. Sar\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sol taraftan sark\u0131tma bid\u2018atini i\u015fleyen kimse, b\u00f6ylece bir s\u00fcnneti ortadan kald\u0131rm\u0131\u015f olmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bunun daha ileri derecesinin ise namaza niyet konusunda oldu\u011funu anlat\u0131r. Namaza niyet konusunda dil ile niyetin tekrarlanmas\u0131 s\u00fcnnette yoktur. Baz\u0131 \u00e2limler, kalb ile niyete yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiyle bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc benimsemi\u015flerdir. Baz\u0131lar\u0131 da sadece dil ile niyeti k\u00e2fi g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015flerdir. Sadece dil ile niyeti k\u00e2fi g\u00f6rmek, \u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re bir farz\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucunu do\u011furacak kadar tehlikeli bir bid\u2018attir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc namaza uyan\u0131k bir kalb ile niyet farzd\u0131r. Dil ile niyeti yeterli g\u00f6rmek bu farz\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rmakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Velilik<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee\u2019ye g\u00f6re velilik, fena ve baka hallerinden sonra gelen makamd\u0131r. Keramet de velili\u011fin ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak keramet ve ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hali \u00e7ok olan velinin kemalinin de \u00e7ok oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Aksine ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc hali az olan\u0131n velili\u011fi belki daha m\u00fckemmeldir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Keramet ve ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc haller, hem \u201cur\u00fbc\u201d yani manev\u00ee y\u00fckseli\u015f s\u0131ras\u0131nda, hem de \u201chub\u00fbt\u201d yani kemalat kazand\u0131ktan sonra halk\u0131n aras\u0131na kar\u0131\u015fmak \u00fczere \u201cini\u015f\u201d s\u0131ras\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Ancak \u201cur\u00fbc\u201d s\u0131ras\u0131ndaki ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc haller, \u201chub\u00fbt\u201d ve \u201cn\u00fcz\u00fbl\u201d s\u0131ras\u0131ndakinden \u00e7oktur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc biri sebepsizlik \u00e2lemine y\u00fckseli\u015f, \u00f6b\u00fcr\u00fc sebepler \u00e2lemine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr ve sebepler \u00e2lemine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fte temkin daha \u00e7ok olur.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130mam-\u0131 Rabb\u00e2n\u00ee, Nak\u015f\u00eelik yoluna yeni bir \u00fcslup kazand\u0131rarak kendisinden sonra bu tarikat\u0131n, Nak\u015fbendiyye-i Ahr\u00e2riyye-i M\u00fcceddidiyye diye an\u0131lmas\u0131na vesile olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

-Rahmetullahi aleyh-<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Faizsiz Bankalar\u0131n Finansman Kulland\u0131rma Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Makale: Prof. Dr. Hamdi D\u00f6nd\u00fcren<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Faizsiz finans kurumlar\u0131 ile tasarruf sahipleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki, \u201cMudarebe (emek-sermaye ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131)\u201d esas\u0131na dayan\u0131r. Finans kurumu i\u015fletmeci (mudarib), bu i\u015fletmelerin k\u00e2r-zarar kat\u0131l\u0131m fonlar\u0131na para yat\u0131ranlar ise sermaye (re\u2019s\u00fclmal) sahibi taraf\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130\u015fletme, \u00e7e\u015fitli vadelerde yat\u0131r\u0131lan sermayeleri, vadesine g\u00f6re 3 veya 6 ay, 1 y\u0131l, 3 y\u0131l gibi k\u00e2r-zarar kat\u0131l\u0131m fonlar\u0131nda toplar ve bunlar\u0131 vade sonundan \u00f6nce geri d\u00f6necek \u015fekilde finansman olarak m\u00fcte\u015febbislere kulland\u0131r\u0131r. Finans kurulu\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n para kulland\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri genel olarak be\u015f maddede toplanabilir: Mudarebe, Mu\u015fareke, Murabaha, \u0130stisna\u2019 ve Sukuk uygulamas\u0131. Bunlar\u0131 k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n

1- Murabaha<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Pe\u015fin parayla mal al\u0131p vadeli satma yoluyla finansman kulland\u0131rma yoludur. Burada faizsiz banka, m\u00fc\u015fteriye verdi\u011fi vek\u00e2letle, daha \u00f6nce sat\u0131\u015f \u015fartlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan anla\u015fmaya uygun olarak mal\u0131 sat\u0131n alma, kendine devir ve temlik etme yoluyla murabaha muamelesi yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Murabahada piyasa \u015fartlar\u0131, faizsiz bankay\u0131 vade fark\u0131 oranlar\u0131n\u0131 hesaplamada banka faiz oranlar\u0131na yak\u0131n vade fark\u0131 uygulamas\u0131na zorlamaktad\u0131r. Bunun sonucu olarak da da\u011f\u0131t\u0131lan k\u00e2r oranlar\u0131 faiz oranlar\u0131na yak\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. Bu durum Osmanl\u0131 Devleti d\u00f6neminde geli\u015fen para vak\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n murabaha uygulamas\u0131nda da g\u00f6r\u00fclmektedir. Nitekim elimizdeki bir murabaha uygulama vakfiyesindeki \u015fu ifadeler bunu g\u00f6sterir:<\/span><\/p>\n

\u201cYukar\u0131da ad\u0131 ge\u00e7en vakfedici kad\u0131n, miktar\u0131 belirtilen 91.000 g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f dirhemin, ne eksik ne de fazla olmamak \u00fczere, y\u0131lda her 10 dirheme 1,25 dirhem (y\u0131ll\u0131k %12,5) hesab\u0131 \u00fczere, faiz (riba) ve faiz \u015f\u00fcphesinden uzak bir \u015fekilde, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019a uygun bir muamele (muamele-i \u015fer\u2019iyye) ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck rayi\u00e7 bedeller (murabaha-i mer\u2019iyye) uygulanarak, k\u00e2r (r\u0131bh) getirecek \u015fekilde i\u015fletilmesini \u015fart ko\u015ftu. Bu muamele sa\u011flam rehin veya varl\u0131kl\u0131 kefil g\u00fcvencesi ile g\u00fc\u00e7lendirilir.\u201d [1]<\/span><\/p>\n

Vak\u0131f paralarda k\u00e2r getirisi vakf\u0131n hay\u0131r cihetine harcand\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in anaparan\u0131n artmas\u0131 ve vakf\u0131n geli\u015fip b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi ama\u00e7lanm\u0131yordu. Bu y\u00fczden k\u00e2r miktar\u0131 belli olan ve mala konan ipotekle de alacaklar, zarar riski bulunmayan bir g\u00fcvenceye ba\u011flanan murabaha, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz faizsiz bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ana muamelesi haline gelmi\u015f ve son y\u0131llarda %95\u2019in \u00fczerine \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntem faizsiz bankalar\u0131 konvansiyonel bankac\u0131l\u0131k sistemine yakla\u015ft\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak sistemin b\u00fcy\u00fcmesi i\u00e7in Ahmad en-Neccar\u2019\u0131n da bir sempozyumda dile getirdi\u011fi gibi \u0130sl\u00e2m bankalar\u0131n\u0131n %40\u2019\u0131n \u00fczerinde emek-sermaye (mudarabe) y\u00f6ntemine y\u00f6nelmesi gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

2- Mudarebe<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee finans kurumunun havuzdaki paran\u0131n \u00f6nemli bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fc piyasada d\u00fcr\u00fcst i\u015f yapan giri\u015fimcilerle emek-sermaye ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yoluyla i\u015fletmesi beklenir. Mesel\u00e2; ihracat i\u015fi yapan bir m\u00fcte\u015febbis, bir y\u0131ll\u0131k fondan 500 bin dolar\u0131 mudarebe y\u00f6ntemiyle al\u0131p y\u0131l boyunca \u00fc\u00e7 defa ihracat i\u015fi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirse ve y\u0131l sonunda 150 bin dolar k\u00e2r elde etse, anla\u015fma gere\u011fi k\u00e2r\u0131n %20\u2019si olan 30 bin dolar\u0131 alma hakk\u0131 bulunur. Geri kalan anapara ve 120 bin dolar k\u00e2r da finans kurumuna iade edilir. Buna g\u00f6re kurum, d\u00f6viz baz\u0131nda %25 gelir elde etmi\u015f bulunur.<\/span><\/p>\n

B\u00f6yle y\u00fcksek bir gelir sa\u011flayan mudarebe havuzuna tasarruf sahiplerinin y\u0131ll\u0131k, iki veya \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k vadelerle kaynak sa\u011flamas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn hale gelir. Sermaye sahibinin bu gibi i\u015flemleri izleme, her a\u015famada kontrol etme ve gerekti\u011finde riskler i\u00e7in sigorta ettirme haklar\u0131 bulundu\u011fu i\u00e7in zarar riski en aza indirilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019daki \u201cemek-sermaye ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 (mudarebe)\u201d y\u00f6ntemi, Do\u011fu ve Bat\u0131\u2019n\u0131n ileri ekonomilerinde \u201crisk sermayesi (venture capital)\u201d ad\u0131yla modernize olmu\u015ftur. Bu y\u00f6ntem \u00f6zellikle ABD, \u0130ngiltere, Japonya, Kanada ve Almanya gibi \u00fclkelerde ileri teknolojiyi geli\u015ftiren itici bir g\u00fc\u00e7 olmu\u015ftur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc bilim adam\u0131 ve giri\u015fimcinin \u015firketin bilan\u00e7o k\u00e2r\u0131ndan %20 dolaylar\u0131nda pay almas\u0131, her g\u00fcn y\u00fczlerce yeni projenin, ke\u015fif ve icad\u0131n etkeni olmu\u015ftur.<\/span><\/p>\n

ABD\u2019de emek-sermaye ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nc\u00fcs\u00fc say\u0131lan Harvard \u00dcniversitesi hocalar\u0131ndan General Doriot\u2019un \u015fu s\u00f6zleri dikkat \u00e7ekicidir: \u201cYarat\u0131c\u0131 ve uzak g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fl\u00fc gen\u00e7 insanlar\u0131 aray\u0131n\u0131z. Bu insanlar\u0131n proje ve fikirlerine sermaye ile, hatta sermayeden de \u00f6nemli olarak, onlar\u0131n teknoloji \u00fcretme vas\u0131flar\u0131na duyaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sayg\u0131 ile hayat veriniz. Amac\u0131m\u0131z yeni ke\u015fif ve icat yapabilen insanlar ve bu insanlar\u0131n \u015firketlerini yoktan var etmek olmal\u0131d\u0131r. K\u00e2r, amac\u0131m\u0131z de\u011fil m\u00fck\u00e2fat\u0131m\u0131zd\u0131r\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n

Doriot\u2019un y\u00f6netti\u011fi risk sermayesi \u015firketi (ARDC), 1957\u2019de Digital Equipment Co. (D.E.C.) isimli giri\u015fimci \u015firketi desteklemeye karar verir. Desteklenecek \u015firket, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta yaln\u0131z fikir ve proje \u00fcreten yoksul, fakat yetenekli iki m\u00fchendisten ibarettir. Doriot\u2019un \u015firketi, giri\u015fimci \u015firketin (D.E.C.) %78 hissesini 70 bin dolar kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda alm\u0131\u015f, 15 y\u0131l sonra yani 1972\u2019de k\u00e2r pay\u0131 olarak 350 milyon dolar kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu, anaparan\u0131n dolar hesab\u0131yla be\u015f bin kat\u0131na y\u00fckseldi\u011fi anlam\u0131na gelir. [2]<\/span><\/p>\n

3- Mu\u015fareke (Sermaye Ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131)<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Finans kurulu\u015fu baz\u0131 projeler i\u00e7in kendi \u00f6z sermayesi ile vadesi uygun olan kat\u0131l\u0131m fonundan da sermaye koyarak yat\u0131r\u0131m yapabilir. Elde edilen k\u00e2r, ana s\u00f6zle\u015fmedeki \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclere g\u00f6re payla\u015f\u0131l\u0131r. Ancak faizsiz bankan\u0131n bu i\u015f i\u00e7in kendi b\u00fcnyesinde ticaret yapan birimler olu\u015fturmas\u0131 ve piyasaya a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde faizsiz bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n ziraat ortak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (muz\u00e2raa), ba\u011f-bah\u00e7e ortak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (mus\u00e2k\u00e2t) ve a\u011fa\u00e7 dikimi ortak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 (mug\u00e2rase) y\u00f6ntemleriyle tar\u0131m alan\u0131na da girme zaman\u0131 gelmi\u015ftir. Nitekim Hz. Peygamber, Hayber topraklar\u0131 \u00fczerinde ziraat ortak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 esas\u0131n\u0131 uygulam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. [3] Eb\u00fb Cafer Muhammed \u0130bn Ali\u2019den \u015f\u00f6yle dedi\u011fi nakledilmi\u015ftir: \u201cEhl-i beytten Medine\u2019ye hicret eden hi\u00e7bir kimse yoktur ki, \u00e7\u0131kacak \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7te biri veya d\u00f6rtte biri ile ziraat ortak\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131n.\u201d [4]<\/span><\/p>\n

Buna g\u00f6re faizsiz bankalar, b\u00fcnyelerinde istihdam edecekleri ziraat teknisyeni, m\u00fchendisi ve benzeri giri\u015fimciler eliyle emek ve sermaye katk\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flayarak \u00e7\u0131kacak \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc payla\u015fma esas\u0131na dayal\u0131 ortakl\u0131klar tesis edebilirler. Faizsiz banka b\u00fcnyesinde olu\u015fturulacak \u00f6zel fonlarla bu sekt\u00f6rlere girildi\u011finde, tasarruf sahiplerine faizin \u00e7ok \u00fcst\u00fcnde k\u00e2r da\u011f\u0131tma imk\u00e2n\u0131 olunca sistemin h\u0131zla geli\u015fti\u011fi g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n

4- \u0130stisna\u2019 (Eser) S\u00f6zle\u015fmesi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

Toplum hayat\u0131nda kimi mal, e\u015fya ve ekipman sipari\u015f verilerek \u00f6zel olarak imal ettirilir. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde in\u015faat ve sanayi sekt\u00f6r\u00fcnde pek \u00e7ok imal\u00e2t, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc ve nitelikleri belirlenerek \u00fcretilmektedir. Yine tren, gemi, u\u00e7ak, t\u0131r, fabrika bina ve donan\u0131m\u0131 gibi ara\u00e7 ve tesisler, proje ve \u015fartnamesi haz\u0131rlanarak m\u00fcteahhit ki\u015fi veya firmalara yapt\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Burada, selem s\u00f6zle\u015fmesinde oldu\u011fu gibi sipari\u015f bedelinin pe\u015fin verilmesi \u015fart de\u011fildir. Ancak sipari\u015f bedelinin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn i\u015fin ba\u015f\u0131nda pe\u015fin verilmesi, bundan sonra hakedi\u015flere g\u00f6re \u00f6deme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde faizsiz bankalar\u0131n \u201ceser s\u00f6zle\u015fmesi\u201d \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde istisna akdi alan\u0131na girerek bu sekt\u00f6rde de yerini almas\u0131 gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir sukuk bono ihra\u00e7 edebilmek i\u00e7in bor\u00e7lunun \u00f6nce bir varl\u0131k sahibi olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu varl\u0131\u011fa istinaden ihra\u00e7 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. \u00d6rne\u011fin ilk uygulaman\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7ti\u011fi Malezya\u2019da, Federal Malezya Arsa Ofisi\u2019nin elindeki arsalar kurulan bir kamu varl\u0131k \u015firketine sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Standart olan \u00fcretimlerde bunun, paran\u0131n tamam\u0131 pe\u015fin mal veresiye olmak \u00fczere \u201cselem akdi\u201d \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcleri i\u00e7inde de\u011ferlendirilmesi de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n

5- Sukuk Uygulamas\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde mudarebe, mu\u015fareke, ic\u00e2re hatta istisna\u2019 s\u00f6zle\u015fmelerine dayal\u0131 olarak ihra\u00e7 edilen bu menkul de\u011ferlere \u201ck\u00e2r veya gelir ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 senedi\u201d diyebiliriz. Sukuk veya faizsiz menkul k\u0131ymet kullan\u0131m\u0131 son y\u0131llarda olduk\u00e7a yayg\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sukuk bonolar, yani varl\u0131\u011fa dayal\u0131 faizsiz tahviller, Malezya\u2019n\u0131n bulu\u015fudur. 2002 y\u0131l\u0131nda Malezya h\u00fck\u00fcmeti taraf\u0131ndan ihra\u00e7 edilen sukuk bonolara y\u00f6nelik ilgi; Pakistan, Bahreyn, Brunei Sultanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, Katar gibi bir\u00e7ok b\u00f6lge \u00fclkesinin de konuyla ilgili harekete ge\u00e7mesini, geli\u015fmi\u015f \u00fclke sermaye piyasalar\u0131n\u0131n da bu yeni yat\u0131r\u0131m enstr\u00fcman\u0131na uygun ortamlar yaratmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Bir sukuk bono ihra\u00e7 edebilmek i\u00e7in bor\u00e7lunun \u00f6nce bir varl\u0131k sahibi olmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu varl\u0131\u011fa istinaden ihra\u00e7 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. \u00d6rne\u011fin ilk uygulaman\u0131n hayata ge\u00e7ti\u011fi Malezya\u2019da, Federal Malezya Arsa Ofisi\u2019nin elindeki arsalar kurulan bir kamu varl\u0131k \u015firketine sat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, arsalar daha sonra Malezya hazinesine kiralanarak kira geliri kontratlar\u0131 yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu kira gelirlerine dayal\u0131 olarak ihra\u00e7 edilen sukuk bonolarla da menkul k\u0131ymetle\u015ftirme yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sukukta yer alan hak-iddia sadece nakit ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 hakk\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131d\u0131r. Bu, sukuku geleneksel bonolardan ay\u0131r\u0131r. Geleneksel bonolar faiz ta\u015f\u0131yan menkul k\u0131ymetlerden olu\u015furken, sukuklar temel olarak varl\u0131k sepetinde sahiplik hakk\u0131ndan olu\u015fan yat\u0131r\u0131m sertifikalar\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u015eunu da belirtelim ki sukuk uygulamas\u0131, ger\u00e7ek ortakl\u0131k, istisna\u2019 akdi, al\u0131m sat\u0131m gibi \u0130sl\u00e2m hukukunun esaslar\u0131n\u0131 belirledi\u011fi uygulamalara dayal\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin \u00fclkemizde yap\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen 3\u2019\u00fcnc\u00fc k\u00f6pr\u00fc, baraj, Kanal \u0130stanbul, t\u00fcneller, otoyollar, h\u0131zl\u0131 tren projeleri, havaalan\u0131, hastane ve kamu binalar\u0131 yap\u0131m\u0131, kentsel d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmler ve \u00fcniversite in\u015faatlar\u0131 ve benzerleri i\u00e7in sukuk ihrac\u0131 yoluyla kaynak sa\u011flanabilir. Bu gibi projeler halk\u0131n tasarruflar\u0131 ile daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede hayata ge\u00e7irilebilir. Bankalar da bu gibi para hareketlerini hizmet bedeli kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda toplama, da\u011f\u0131tma ve i\u015flemleri izleme faaliyetlerine katk\u0131da bulunabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sonu\u00e7 olarak \u0130sl\u00e2m\u2019da nakit para kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n, faizsiz y\u00f6ntemlerle do\u011frudan reel ekonomide kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacak alternatif finansman enstr\u00fcmanlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n g\u00fcncellenerek geli\u015ftirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, ayn\u0131 zamanda para g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn do\u011frudan reel ekonomide kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n

1-<\/strong> Orijinal metin i\u00e7in bk. Bursa \u015eer\u2019iyye Sicilleri<\/em>, A 21\/27, 33a.<\/span>
\n2-<\/strong> Bk. Tansu \u00c7iller-Murat \u00c7izak\u00e7a, T\u00fcrk Finans Kesiminde Sorunlar ve Reform \u00d6nerileri<\/em>, Ne\u015fr. \u0130SO, \u0130stanbul 1989, s. 152; Hamdi D\u00f6nd\u00fcren, \u201c\u0130sl\u00e2m Bankac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Reform \u00d6nerileri\u201d, \u0130sl\u00e2m\u00ee Ara\u015f. Dergisi<\/em>, c. VI, sy. 1, y\u0131l 1992; \u00c7iller-\u00c7izak\u00e7a, age, s. 128, 129.<\/span>
\n3-<\/strong> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Hars, 14; \u0130c\u00e2re, 3.<\/span>
\n4-<\/strong> Buh\u00e2r\u00ee, Hars, 8.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

Antalya \u0130\u00e7in \u0130ftar Men\u00fcs\u00fc<\/span><\/h2>\n

\u0130ftariyelik:<\/strong> Hurma, siyah-zeytin, beyaz peynir, salatal\u0131k, domates<\/span>
\u00c7orba:<\/strong> Terbiyeli tavuk suyu \u00e7orbas\u0131<\/span>
Ara s\u0131cak:<\/strong> F\u0131r\u0131nda sebzeli b\u00f6rek<\/span>
Ana yemek:<\/strong> Portakall\u0131 ve kekikli f\u0131r\u0131n tavuk<\/span>
Yan lezzet:<\/strong> Antalya usul\u00fc piyaz<\/span>
Tatl\u0131:<\/strong> Tahinli kabak tatl\u0131s\u0131<\/span>
\u0130\u00e7ecek:<\/strong> Limonlu nane \u015ferbeti<\/span><\/p>\n

Ana Yemek Tarifi: Portakall\u0131 ve Kekikli F\u0131r\u0131n Tavuk<\/span><\/h2>\n

Malzemeler<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  • \n

    6 tavuk baget ya da 4 kal\u00e7a-but<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    2 portakal\u0131n suyu<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    3 yemek ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 zeytinya\u011f\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    4 di\u015f sar\u0131msak<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    1 tatl\u0131 ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 kekik<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    1 \u00e7ay ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 karabiber<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    1 tatl\u0131 ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 tuz<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    1 tatl\u0131 ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 toz biber<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    2 patates<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    2 havu\u00e7<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    1 kuru so\u011fan<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Yap\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      Portakal suyu, zeytinya\u011f\u0131, ezilmi\u015f sar\u0131msak, kekik, tuz, karabiber ve k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 toz biberi kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      Tavuklar\u0131 bu sosla harmanlay\u0131p en az 30 dakika dinlendir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Patates, havu\u00e7 ve so\u011fan\u0131 iri do\u011fray\u0131p f\u0131r\u0131n kab\u0131na al.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    4. \n

      Tavuklar\u0131 sebzelerin \u00fczerine yerle\u015ftir, artan sosu da gezdir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    5. \n

      \u00d6nceden \u0131s\u0131t\u0131lm\u0131\u015f 190 derece f\u0131r\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k 45-50 dakika pi\u015fir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    6. \n

      Son 10 dakikada \u00fczerini k\u0131zart\u0131p s\u0131cak servis et.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Servis \u00f6nerisi:<\/strong> Antalya piyaz\u0131 ve mevsim salatas\u0131 ile iyi gider.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \"\"<\/span><\/p>\n

      08 Mart 2026 Pazar i\u00e7in imsak ve iftar vakitleri<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

      Konya ve \u0130l\u00e7eleri<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Yer<\/span><\/th>\n\u0130msak<\/span><\/th>\n\u0130ftar<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Konya Merkez<\/span><\/td>\n05:45<\/span><\/td>\n18:57<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Karatay<\/span><\/td>\n05:45<\/span><\/td>\n18:57<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Meram<\/span><\/td>\n05:45<\/span><\/td>\n18:57<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Sel\u00e7uklu<\/span><\/td>\n05:45<\/span><\/td>\n18:57<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ah\u0131rl\u0131<\/span><\/td>\n05:47<\/span><\/td>\n18:59<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ak\u00f6ren<\/span><\/td>\n05:46<\/span><\/td>\n18:57<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ak\u015fehir<\/span><\/td>\n05:49<\/span><\/td>\n19:01<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Alt\u0131nekin<\/span><\/td>\n05:43<\/span><\/td>\n18:55<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Bey\u015fehir<\/span><\/td>\n05:48<\/span><\/td>\n19:00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Bozk\u0131r<\/span><\/td>\n05:46<\/span><\/td>\n18:58<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Cihanbeyli<\/span><\/td>\n05:43<\/span><\/td>\n18:55<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00c7eltik<\/span><\/td>\n05:47<\/span><\/td>\n18:59<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u00c7umra<\/span><\/td>\n05:44<\/span><\/td>\n18:56<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Derbent<\/span><\/td>\n05:47<\/span><\/td>\n18:59<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Derebucak<\/span><\/td>\n05:49<\/span><\/td>\n19:01<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Do\u011fanhisar<\/span><\/td>\n05:48<\/span><\/td>\n19:00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Emirgazi<\/span><\/td>\n05:40<\/span><\/td>\n18:51<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ere\u011fli<\/span><\/td>\n05:39<\/span><\/td>\n18:51<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      G\u00fcneys\u0131n\u0131r<\/span><\/td>\n05:44<\/span><\/td>\n18:56<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Hadim<\/span><\/td>\n05:46<\/span><\/td>\n18:57<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Halkap\u0131nar<\/span><\/td>\n05:39<\/span><\/td>\n18:50<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      H\u00fcy\u00fck<\/span><\/td>\n05:49<\/span><\/td>\n19:00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ilg\u0131n<\/span><\/td>\n05:47<\/span><\/td>\n18:59<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kad\u0131nhan\u0131<\/span><\/td>\n05:46<\/span><\/td>\n18:58<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Karap\u0131nar<\/span><\/td>\n05:41<\/span><\/td>\n18:53<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kulu<\/span><\/td>\n05:42<\/span><\/td>\n18:54<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Saray\u00f6n\u00fc<\/span><\/td>\n05:45<\/span><\/td>\n18:57<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Seydi\u015fehir<\/span><\/td>\n05:48<\/span><\/td>\n18:59<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ta\u015fkent<\/span><\/td>\n05:46<\/span><\/td>\n18:57<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Tuzluk\u00e7u<\/span><\/td>\n05:48<\/span><\/td>\n19:00<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Yal\u0131h\u00fcy\u00fck<\/span><\/td>\n05:47<\/span><\/td>\n18:59<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Yunak<\/span><\/td>\n05:47<\/span><\/td>\n18:59<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      Konya merkezi ve il\u00e7e vakitleri Diyanet verilerine g\u00f6re d\u00fczenlendi.<\/span><\/p>\n

      Konya\u2019n\u0131n Kom\u015fusu \u0130ller<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u0130l<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0130msak<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n\u0130ftar<\/strong><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Ankara<\/span><\/td>\n05:42<\/span><\/td>\n18:54<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Eski\u015fehir<\/span><\/td>\n05:51<\/span><\/td>\n19:04<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Afyonkarahisar<\/span><\/td>\n05:52<\/span><\/td>\n19:04<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Isparta<\/span><\/td>\n05:53<\/span><\/td>\n19:05<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Antalya<\/span><\/td>\n05:53<\/span><\/td>\n19:04<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mersin<\/span><\/td>\n05:37<\/span><\/td>\n18:49<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Karaman<\/span><\/td>\n05:43<\/span><\/td>\n18:54<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Aksaray<\/span><\/td>\n05:38<\/span><\/td>\n18:50<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      T\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehirleri<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehir<\/span><\/th>\n\u0130msak<\/span><\/th>\n\u0130ftar<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Adana<\/span><\/td>\n05:34<\/span><\/td>\n18:46<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ankara<\/span><\/td>\n05:42<\/span><\/td>\n18:54<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Antalya<\/span><\/td>\n05:53<\/span><\/td>\n19:04<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ayd\u0131n<\/span><\/td>\n06:04<\/span><\/td>\n19:15<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Bal\u0131kesir<\/span><\/td>\n06:02<\/span><\/td>\n19:14<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Bursa<\/span><\/td>\n05:57<\/span><\/td>\n19:09<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Denizli<\/span><\/td>\n05:59<\/span><\/td>\n19:10<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Diyarbak\u0131r<\/span><\/td>\n05:14<\/span><\/td>\n18:26<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Erzurum<\/span><\/td>\n05:08<\/span><\/td>\n18:21<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Eski\u015fehir<\/span><\/td>\n05:51<\/span><\/td>\n19:04<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Gaziantep<\/span><\/td>\n05:26<\/span><\/td>\n18:38<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Hatay<\/span><\/td>\n05:31<\/span><\/td>\n18:43<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0130stanbul<\/span><\/td>\n05:57<\/span><\/td>\n19:09<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0130zmir<\/span><\/td>\n06:06<\/span><\/td>\n19:18<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kahramanmara\u015f<\/span><\/td>\n05:27<\/span><\/td>\n18:39<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kayseri<\/span><\/td>\n05:32<\/span><\/td>\n18:44<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Kocaeli<\/span><\/td>\n05:53<\/span><\/td>\n19:05<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Konya<\/span><\/td>\n05:45<\/span><\/td>\n18:57<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Malatya<\/span><\/td>\n05:21<\/span><\/td>\n18:33<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Manisa<\/span><\/td>\n06:05<\/span><\/td>\n19:17<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mardin<\/span><\/td>\n05:12<\/span><\/td>\n18:24<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mersin<\/span><\/td>\n05:37<\/span><\/td>\n18:49<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mu\u011fla<\/span><\/td>\n06:02<\/span><\/td>\n19:14<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Ordu<\/span><\/td>\n05:21<\/span><\/td>\n18:34<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Sakarya<\/span><\/td>\n05:51<\/span><\/td>\n19:03<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Samsun<\/span><\/td>\n05:27<\/span><\/td>\n18:40<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u015eanl\u0131urfa<\/span><\/td>\n05:20<\/span><\/td>\n18:32<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Tekirda\u011f<\/span><\/td>\n06:05<\/span><\/td>\n19:17<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Trabzon<\/span><\/td>\n05:14<\/span><\/td>\n18:26<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Van<\/span><\/td>\n05:01<\/span><\/td>\n18:13<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      B\u00fcy\u00fck\u015fehirler tablosu, 08 Mart 2026 Pazar g\u00fcn\u00fcne ait Diyanet vakitleri \u00fczerinden olu\u015fturuldu.<\/span><\/p>\n

      D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00d6nemli Merkezleri<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Merkez<\/span><\/th>\n\u0130msak<\/span><\/th>\n\u0130ftar<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      Londra<\/span><\/td>\n04:40<\/span><\/td>\n17:59<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Berlin<\/span><\/td>\n04:44<\/span><\/td>\n18:04<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Paris<\/span><\/td>\n05:34<\/span><\/td>\n18:51<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Toronto<\/span><\/td>\n06:07<\/span><\/td>\n19:21<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Mekke<\/span><\/td>\n05:22<\/span><\/td>\n18:34<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Medine<\/span><\/td>\n05:22<\/span><\/td>\n18:34<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      D\u00fcnya merkezleri i\u00e7in de ayn\u0131 tarihli resm\u00ee vakitler esas al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n

      \n

       <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      M\u00fcbarek Ramazan\u2019\u0131n 18. g\u00fcn\u00fcnde dualar, sab\u0131r, tefekk\u00fcr ve manevi dirili\u015f \u00f6ne \u00e7\u0131k\u0131yor.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":11228,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[148,147,4114,157,4115],"class_list":["post-11221","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-yasam","tag-dua","tag-maneviyat","tag-mubarekramazan","tag-ramazan","tag-ramazanin18gunu"],"yoast_head":"\nM\u00fcbarek Ramazan'\u0131n 18. G\u00fcn\u00fc - Merceknet Haber<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.merceknet.com\/tr\/2026\/03\/08\/mubarek-ramazanin-18-gunu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"tr_TR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"M\u00fcbarek Ramazan'\u0131n 18. 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