\u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi Kurucu Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc, Psikiyatrist Prof. Dr. Nevzat Tarhan, okullarda artan \u015fiddet olaylar\u0131na ili\u015fkin de\u011ferlendirmelerde bulundu. Tarhan, D\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k Te\u015fkilat\u0131 raporlar\u0131n\u0131n okul \u015fiddetinin k\u00fcresel \u00f6l\u00e7ekte artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi\u011fini belirterek, siber zorbal\u0131\u011f\u0131n belirgin bi\u00e7imde y\u00fckseldi\u011fine dikkat \u00e7ekti. Fiziksel \u015fiddetin baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde azal\u0131rken baz\u0131 \u00fclkelerde artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden Tarhan, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de de fiziksel \u015fiddetin artt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6zlemlendi\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Ergenlik d\u00f6neminde beynin karar verme ve d\u00fcrt\u00fc kontrol\u00fcnden sorumlu b\u00f6lgelerinin hen\u00fcz tam olgunla\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan Tarhan, \u201cErgenlikte beynin prefrontal korteks dedi\u011fimiz, planlama ve d\u00fcrt\u00fc kontrol\u00fcnden sorumlu b\u00f6lgesi tam geli\u015fmemi\u015ftir. Bu b\u00f6lge beynin kaptan k\u00f6\u015fk\u00fcd\u00fcr\u2026 Bu nedenle ergenlik baz\u0131 literat\u00fcrde \u2018normal \u015fizofrenik d\u00f6nem\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. S\u0131ra d\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve rasyonel olmayan davran\u0131\u015flar bu \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131nda vard\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Ancak Tarhan\u2019a g\u00f6re n\u00f6ropsikolojik riskler tek ba\u015f\u0131na belirleyici de\u011fil. Tarhan, \u201c\u00c7ocukta adalet alg\u0131s\u0131 varsa, s\u0131cak, tutarl\u0131 ve s\u0131n\u0131r koyan ebeveynlik varsa, a\u00e7\u0131k ileti\u015fim ortam\u0131 bulunuyorsa \u015fiddet davran\u0131\u015f\u0131 azal\u0131r. Adalet alg\u0131s\u0131 zedelendi\u011finde \u00e7ocuk kendini g\u00fcvende hissetmez, ahlaki d\u0131\u015flanma ya\u015far ve \u015fiddeti me\u015frula\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n
Tarhan, \u00e7ocu\u011fun hem evde hem okulda adaletsizlik alg\u0131s\u0131 ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddet riskini art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, \u201cE\u011fer \u00e7ocuk hem evde hem okulda kendini haks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011fram\u0131\u015f hissediyorsa depresyon ve \u015fiddet e\u011filimi daha da artar. Bir tarafta g\u00fcvenli alan varsa denge sa\u011flanabilir. Ancak iki alanda da zedelenme varsa risk b\u00fcy\u00fcr\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131k ileti\u015fimin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ocu\u011fun bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda tutuldu\u011fu ortamlarda riskin y\u00fckseldi\u011fini ifade eden Tarhan, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve \u00f6zerklik ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lanmayan gencin kendini tehdit alt\u0131nda hissedebilece\u011fini; bunun da \u201cahlaki kurallar\u0131 d\u0131\u015flama\u201d ve \u015fiddeti normalle\u015ftirme s\u00fcrecini tetikleyebilece\u011fini s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Alkol ve madde kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddet riskini katlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan Tarhan, \u201cMadde, en sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 insanda bile beynin kaptan k\u00f6\u015fk\u00fc olan prefrontal korteksi bask\u0131lar. Ki\u015fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden konu\u015fur, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeden davran\u0131r\u2026 yanl\u0131\u015f bir ma\u011fduriyet duygusu geli\u015ftirir\u201d ifadelerini kulland\u0131.<\/p>\n
Tarhan, madde kullanan \u00f6\u011frenciler a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan okul g\u00fcvenli\u011finin ayr\u0131ca ele al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirterek, \u201cMadde kullanan bir \u00e7ocu\u011fun okula gitmesi sak\u0131ncal\u0131d\u0131r. Tedavi g\u00f6ren bir \u00f6\u011frencinin \u2018okula gidebilir\u2019 raporu olmadan okula d\u00f6nmemesi gerekir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Adalet alg\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n bozulmas\u0131n\u0131n okul iklimini do\u011frudan etkiledi\u011fini s\u00f6yleyen Tarhan, \u201cA\u00e7\u0131k, \u015feffaf, hesap verebilir ve sorgulanabilir bir sistem yoksa adalet alg\u0131s\u0131 bozulur. Aidiyet duygusu zay\u0131flar. \u00d6\u011fretmenle g\u00fcven ili\u015fkisi zarar g\u00f6r\u00fcr. \u00d6\u011frenci kendini g\u00fcvende hissetmez\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Tarhan, adil kurallara sahip ve e\u015fit uygulama yapan okul y\u00f6netimlerinin \u00f6\u011frencilerin g\u00fcven duygusunu art\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayarak, \u201cGen\u00e7ler sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fine inan\u0131rsa \u015fiddete ba\u015fvurma ihtimali azal\u0131r\u201d de\u011ferlendirmesinde bulundu.<\/p>\n
Prof. Dr. Tarhan, \u00f6zellikle ABD\u2019de \u201ctravmaya duyarl\u0131 okul\u201d modelinin yayg\u0131nla\u015fmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirterek, \u201cOkul \u015fiddeti ABD\u2019de \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek\u2026 Bu okullarda sadece akademik disiplin de\u011fil, sosyal ve duygusal \u00f6\u011frenme programlar\u0131 uygulan\u0131yor\u201d dedi. Tarhan, psikolojik sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n artmas\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6\u011frencinin hem kendi i\u00e7indeki \u015fiddeti hem de ba\u015fkas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fiddetini y\u00f6netebilmesine katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade etti.<\/p>\n
Akran zorbal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve okul i\u00e7i \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalarda erken m\u00fcdahale mekanizmalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemine i\u015faret eden Tarhan, \u201cHaks\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa u\u011frayan \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in dijital \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm merkezleri olu\u015fturulmal\u0131. \u00c7ocuk ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 sorunu mesaj yoluyla iletebilmeli ve belirli s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f alabilmeli\u2026 \u00e7ocuk duygular\u0131n\u0131 biriktirmez, ifade eder ve \u015fiddet riski azal\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Tarhan, toplumda artan kutupla\u015fma ve \u00f6fke dilinin gen\u00e7lerin davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 etkiledi\u011fini belirterek buna \u201c\u00e7ember etkisi\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verdi. \u201cMakro modelde \u00f6fke varsa mikro modelde de \u00f6fke olur\u201d diyen Tarhan, lider konumundaki ki\u015filerin \u00f6fkeyi sorun \u00e7\u00f6zme y\u00f6ntemi gibi kullanmas\u0131n\u0131n gen\u00e7ler \u00fczerinde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir model etkisi olu\u015fturdu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
Tarhan, \u015fiddetin \u00f6nlenmesinde hukuki, sosyal ve ahlaki normlar\u0131n birlikte korunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini vurgulad\u0131. Ailede a\u00e7\u0131k ileti\u015fim, tutarl\u0131l\u0131k ve s\u0131n\u0131r koyman\u0131n \u00f6nemine dikkat \u00e7eken Tarhan; okullarda sosyal-duygusal \u00f6\u011frenme programlar\u0131, psikolojik sa\u011flaml\u0131k e\u011fitimi ve empati odakl\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n m\u00fcfredata entegre edilmesi gerekti\u011fini ifade etti. Tarhan, \u201cEmpati yoksunlu\u011fu \u015fiddetin temel nedenlerinden biridir. \u00c7ocu\u011fa yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 tarafta ne hissettirece\u011fini \u00f6\u011fretmeden kal\u0131c\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fim sa\u011flanamaz\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00dcsk\u00fcdar \u00dcniversitesi Kurucu Rekt\u00f6r\u00fc Prof. Dr. Nevzat Tarhan, ergenlik, madde kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve dijital zorbal\u0131\u011f\u0131n okul \u015fiddetini besledi\u011fini belirterek, \u201cGen\u00e7ler sorunlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilece\u011fine inan\u0131rsa \u015fiddete ba\u015fvurma ihtimali azal\u0131r\u201d dedi. Tarhan, \u201ctravmaya duyarl\u0131 okul\u201d modeli, psikolojik sa\u011flaml\u0131k e\u011fitimi ve aile-okul i\u015f birli\u011fi olmadan kal\u0131c\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":10595,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2535,11],"tags":[3814,3815,2358,3812,3813],"class_list":["post-10594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-3-bolge","category-yasam","tag-ergenlik","tag-maddekullanimi","tag-nevzattarhan","tag-okulsiddeti","tag-siberzorbalik"],"yoast_head":"\n